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This study explores the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to detect AI deepfakes and fraudulent activities in online payment systems. With the growing prevalence of deepfake technology, which can manipulate facial features in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zong Ke , Shicheng Zhou , Yining Zhou , Chia Hong Chang , Rong Zhang

Presentation attack detection (PAD) is a critical component in secure face authentication. We present a PAD algorithm to distinguish face spoofs generated by a photograph of a subject from live images. Our method uses an image decomposition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Shlok Kumar Mishra , Kuntal Sengupta , Max Horowitz-Gelb , Wen-Sheng Chu , Sofien Bouaziz , David Jacobs

Evaluating the risk level of adversarial images is essential for safely deploying face authentication models in the real world. Popular approaches for physical-world attacks, such as print or replay attacks, suffer from some limitations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Sai Amrit Patnaik , Shivali Chansoriya , Anil K. Jain , Anoop M. Namboodiri

Protecting the copyright of user-generated AI images is an emerging challenge as AIGC becomes pervasive in creative workflows. Existing watermarking methods (1) remain vulnerable to real-world adversarial threats, often forced to trade off…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Qingyu Liu , Yitao Zhang , Zhongjie Ba , Chao Shuai , Peng Cheng , Tianhang Zheng , Zhibo Wang

AI-generated images have reached a quality level at which humans are incapable of reliably distinguishing them from real images. To counteract the inherent risk of fraud and disinformation, the detection of AI-generated images is a pressing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hicham Eddoubi , Jonas Ricker , Federico Cocchi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Angelo Sotgiu , Maura Pintor , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Asja Fischer , Rita Cucchiara , Battista Biggio

Morphing Attack Detection (MAD) is a relevant topic that aims to detect attempts by unauthorised individuals to access a "valid" identity. One of the main scenarios is printing morphed images and submitting the respective print in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Juan E. Tapia , Maximilian Russo , Christoph Busch

Face Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) plays a pivotal role in securing face recognition systems against spoofing attacks. Although great progress has been made in designing face PAD methods, developing a model that can generalize well to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Usman Muhammad , Jorma Laaksonen , Djamila Romaissa Beddiar , Mourad Oussalah

Non-referential face image quality assessment methods have gained popularity as a pre-filtering step on face recognition systems. In most of them, the quality score is usually designed with face matching in mind. However, a small amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Carlos Aravena , Diego Pasmino , Juan E. Tapia , Christoph Busch

Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) is a crucial stage in facial recognition systems to avoid leakage of personal information or spoofing of identity to entities. Recently, pulse detection based on remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Luis F. Gomez , Julian Fierrez , Aythami Morales , Mahdi Ghafourian , Ruben Tolosana , Imanol Solano , Alejandro Garcia , Francisco Zamora-Martinez

In the last decades, the broad development experienced by biometric systems has unveiled several threats which may decrease their trustworthiness. Those are attack presentations which can be easily carried out by a non-authorised subject to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Lázaro J. González-Soler , Marta Gomez-Barrero , Christoph Busch

With the rapid development of digital services, a large volume of personally identifiable information (PII) is stored online and is subject to cyberattacks such as Identity fraud. Most recently, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Chuo Jun Zhang , Asif Q. Gill , Bo Liu , Memoona J. Anwar

We study the problem of fingerprint presentation attack detection (PAD) under unknown PA materials not seen during PAD training. A dataset of 5,743 bonafide and 4,912 PA images of 12 different materials is used to evaluate a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Tarang Chugh , Anil K. Jain

This paper proposes a Few-shot Learning (FSL) approach for detecting Presentation Attacks on ID Cards deployed in a remote verification system and its extension to new countries. Our research analyses the performance of Prototypical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Alvaro S. Rocamora , Juan M. Espin , Juan E. Tapia

Presentation attacks are posing major challenges to most of the biometric modalities. Iris recognition, which is considered as one of the most accurate biometric modality for person identification, has also been shown to be vulnerable to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Mehak Gupta , Vishal Singh , Akshay Agarwal , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

Biometric based authentication is currently playing an essential role over conventional authentication system; however, the risk of presentation attacks subsequently rising. Our research aims at identifying the areas where presentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Nyle Siddiqui , Rushit Dave

Iris recognition is widely recognized as one of the most accurate biometric modalities. However, its growing deployment in real-world applications raises significant concerns regarding its vulnerability to Presentation Attacks (PAs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Raghavendra Ramachandra , Sushma Venkatesh

Over the past few years, Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) has become a fundamental part of facial recognition systems. Although much effort has been devoted to anti-spoofing research, generalization in real scenarios remains a challenge.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Artur Costa-Pazo , David Jimenez-Cabello , Esteban Vazquez-Fernandez , Jose L. Alba-Castro , Roberto J. López-Sastre

The vulnerability against presentation attacks is a crucial problem undermining the wide-deployment of face recognition systems. Though presentation attack detection (PAD) systems try to address this problem, the lack of generalization and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Anjith George , David Geissbuhler , Sebastien Marcel

Presentation attacks represent a critical security threat where adversaries use fake biometric data, such as face, fingerprint, or iris images, to gain unauthorized access to protected systems. Various presentation attack detection (PAD)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Rashik Shadman , M G Sarwar Murshed , Faraz Hussain

In recent years, face biometric security systems are rapidly increasing, therefore, the presentation attack detection (PAD) has received significant attention from research communities and has become a major field of research. Researchers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Seyedkooshan Hashemifard , Mohammad Akbari