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The growing safety concerns surrounding large language models raise an urgent need to align them with diverse human preferences to simultaneously enhance their helpfulness and safety. A promising approach is to enforce safety constraints…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Xinmeng Huang , Shuo Li , Edgar Dobriban , Osbert Bastani , Hamed Hassani , Dongsheng Ding

Gradient-free prompt optimization methods have made significant strides in enhancing the performance of closed-source Large Language Models (LLMs) across a wide range of tasks. However, existing approaches make light of the importance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Muchen Yang , Moxin Li , Yongle Li , Zijun Chen , Chongming Gao , Junqi Zhang , Yangyang Li , Fuli Feng

Constrained multi-objective optimization problems (CMOPs) frequently arise in real-world applications where multiple conflicting objectives must be optimized under complex constraints. Existing dual-population two-stage algorithms have…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Zhen-Song Chen , Hong-Wei Ding , Xian-Jia Wang , Witold Pedrycz

Recently, Arjevani et al. [1] established a lower bound of iteration complexity for the first-order optimization under an $L$-smooth condition and a bounded noise variance assumption. However, a thorough review of existing literature on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Bohan Wang , Jingwen Fu , Huishuai Zhang , Nanning Zheng , Wei Chen

Bilevel optimization has been widely applied in many important machine learning applications such as hyperparameter optimization and meta-learning. Recently, several momentum-based algorithms have been proposed to solve bilevel optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Junjie Yang , Kaiyi Ji , Yingbin Liang

First-order optimization (FOO) algorithms are pivotal in numerous computational domains such as machine learning and signal denoising. However, their application to complex tasks like neural network training often entails significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yao Shu , Jiongfeng Fang , Ying Tiffany He , Fei Richard Yu

Ill-posed linear inverse problems appear in many scientific setups, and are typically addressed by solving optimization problems, which are composed of data fidelity and prior terms. Recently, several works have considered a back-projection…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-10 Tom Tirer , Raja Giryes

Most work on query optimization has concentrated on loop-free queries. However, data science and machine learning workloads today typically involve recursive or iterative computation. In this work, we propose a novel framework for…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Yisu Remy Wang , Mahmoud Abo Khamis , Hung Q. Ngo , Reinhard Pichler , Dan Suciu

Large language models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to prompts, but most automatic prompt optimization (APO) methods assume access to ground-truth references (e.g., labeled validation data) that are costly to obtain. We propose the Prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yuanchen Wu , Saurabh Verma , Justin Lee , Fangzhou Xiong , Poppy Zhang , Amel Awadelkarim , Xu Chen , Yubai Yuan , Shawndra Hill

Performance optimization of deep learning models is conducted either manually or through automatic architecture search, or a combination of both. On the other hand, their performance strongly depends on the target hardware and how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Vahid Partovi Nia , Alireza Ghaffari , Mahdi Zolnouri , Yvon Savaria

The preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) algorithm is one of the most popular algorithms for solving large-scale linear systems Ax = b, where A is a symmetric positive definite matrix. Rather than computing residuals directly, it updates…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Thomas Bake , Erin Carson , Yuxin Ma

We present a new algorithm for solving optimization problems with objective functions that are the sum of a smooth function and a (potentially) nonsmooth regularization function, and nonlinear equality constraints. The algorithm may be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-12 Yutong Dai , Xiaoyi Qu , Daniel P. Robinson

In this paper we propose and analyze two dual methods based on inexact gradient information and averaging that generate approximate primal solutions for smooth convex optimization problems. The complicating constraints are moved into the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-02-14 Ion Necoara , Valentin Nedelcu

Large language models (LLMs) have made fundamental contributions over the last a few years. To train an LLM, one needs to alternatingly run `forward' computations and `backward' computations. The forward computation can be viewed as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Josh Alman , Zhao Song

There has been much recent interest in finding unconstrained local minima of smooth functions, due in part of the prevalence of such problems in machine learning and robust statistics. A particular focus is algorithms with good complexity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-12 Clément W. Royer , Stephen J. Wright

Learning to Optimize (LtO) is a problem setting in which a machine learning (ML) model is trained to emulate a constrained optimization solver. Learning to produce optimal and feasible solutions subject to complex constraints is a difficult…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 James Kotary , Ferdinando Fioretto

In this paper we provide a detailed analysis of the iteration complexity of dual first order methods for solving conic convex problems. When it is difficult to project on the primal feasible set described by convex constraints, we use the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-16 Ion Necoara , Andrei Patrascu

In the development of first-order methods for smooth (resp., composite) convex optimization problems, where smooth functions with Lipschitz continuous gradients are minimized, the gradient (resp., gradient mapping) norm becomes a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-06 Masaru Ito , Mituhiro Fukuda

First-order algorithms have been popular for solving convex and non-convex optimization problems. A key assumption for the majority of these algorithms is that the gradient of the objective function is globally Lipschitz continuous, but…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Junyu Zhang , Mingyi Hong

The relaxation in the calculus of variation motivates the numerical analysis of a class of degenerate convex minimization problems with non-strictly convex energy densities with some convexity control and two-sided $p$-growth. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-03 C. Carstensen , N. T. Tran
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