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Counterfactual explanations promote explainability in machine learning models by answering the question "how should an input instance be perturbed to obtain a desired predicted label?". The comparison of this instance before and after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Jing Ma , Ruocheng Guo , Saumitra Mishra , Aidong Zhang , Jundong Li

Explaining the predictions of a deep neural network is a nontrivial task, yet high-quality explanations for predictions are often a prerequisite for practitioners to trust these models. Counterfactual explanations aim to explain predictions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Andreas Abildtrup Hansen , Paraskevas Pegios , Anna Calissano , Aasa Feragen

Sequential Recommender Systems (SRSs) have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in capturing users' evolving preferences. However, their inherent complexity as "black box" models poses significant challenges for explainability. This work…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Domiziano Scarcelli , Filippo Betello , Giuseppe Perelli , Fabrizio Silvestri , Gabriele Tolomei

Human interpretability of deep neural networks' decisions is crucial, especially in domains where these directly affect human lives. Counterfactual explanations of already trained neural networks can be generated by perturbing input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Oana-Iuliana Popescu , Maha Shadaydeh , Joachim Denzler

Counterfactual explanations provide actionable insights to achieve desired outcomes by suggesting minimal changes to input features. However, existing methods rely on fixed sets of mutable features, which makes counterfactual explanations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Stig Hellemans , Andres Algaba , Sam Verboven , Vincent Ginis

The rapid spread of fake news across multimedia platforms presents serious challenges to information credibility. In this paper, we propose a Debunk-and-Infer framework for Fake News Detection(DIFND) that leverages debunking knowledge to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Kaiying Yan , Moyang Liu , Yukun Liu , Ruibo Fu , Zhengqi Wen , Jianhua Tao , Xuefei Liu

The controllable generation of diffusion models aims to steer the model to generate samples that optimize some given objective functions. It is desirable for a variety of applications including image generation, molecule generation, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Owen Oertell , Shikun Sun , Yiding Chen , Jin Peng Zhou , Zhiyong Wang , Wen Sun

Diffusion models have shown promise in text generation, but often struggle with generating long, coherent, and contextually accurate text. Token-level diffusion doesn't model word-order dependencies explicitly and operates on short, fixed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xiaochen Zhu , Georgi Karadzhov , Chenxi Whitehouse , Andreas Vlachos

Diffusion models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in synthesizing diverse content. However, despite their high-quality outputs, these models often perpetuate social biases, including those related to gender and race. These biases…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yingdong Shi , Changming Li , Yifan Wang , Yongxiang Zhao , Anqi Pang , Sibei Yang , Jingyi Yu , Kan Ren

Survival analysis is a cornerstone of clinical research by modeling time-to-event outcomes such as metastasis, disease relapse, or patient death. Unlike standard tabular data, survival data often come with incomplete event information due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Marie Brockschmidt , Maresa Schröder , Stefan Feuerriegel

Image completion techniques have made significant progress in filling missing regions (i.e., holes) in images. However, large-hole completion remains challenging due to limited structural information. In this paper, we address this problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Daichi Horita , Jiaolong Yang , Dong Chen , Yuki Koyama , Kiyoharu Aizawa , Nicu Sebe

Machine learning models are increasingly used in areas such as loan approvals and hiring, yet they often function as black boxes, obscuring their decision-making processes. Transparency is crucial, and individuals need explanations to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Sopam Dasgupta , Joaquín Arias , Elmer Salazar , Gopal Gupta

With the usage of appropriate inductive biases, Counterfactual Generative Networks (CGNs) can generate novel images from random combinations of shape, texture, and background manifolds. These images can be utilized to train an invariant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Sameer Ambekar , Matteo Tafuro , Ankit Ankit , Diego van der Mast , Mark Alence , Christos Athanasiadis

Generative diffusion models showed high success in many fields with a powerful theoretical background. They convert the data distribution to noise and remove the noise back to obtain a similar distribution. Many existing reviews focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Melike Nur Yeğin , Mehmet Fatih Amasyalı

Creative image generation has emerged as a compelling area of research, driven by the need to produce novel and high-quality images that expand the boundaries of imagination. In this work, we propose a novel framework for creative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Kunpeng Song , Ahmed Elgammal

Structured (dictionary-like) data presents challenges for left-to-right language models, as they can struggle with structured entities for a wide variety of reasons such as formatting and sensitivity to the order in which attributes are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Ouail Kitouni , Niklas Nolte , James Hensman , Bhaskar Mitra

A machine learning model, under the influence of observed or unobserved confounders in the training data, can learn spurious correlations and fail to generalize when deployed. For image classifiers, augmenting a training dataset using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Abbavaram Gowtham Reddy , Saloni Dash , Amit Sharma , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

Domain shift, encountered when using a trained model for a new patient population, creates significant challenges for sequential decision making in healthcare since the target domain may be both data-scarce and confounded. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Taylor W. Killian , Marzyeh Ghassemi , Shalmali Joshi

Machine learning models in dynamic environments often suffer from concept drift, where changes in the data distribution degrade performance. While detecting this drift is a well-studied topic, explaining how and why the model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Ignacy Stępka , Jerzy Stefanowski

Probabilistic diffusion models have achieved state-of-the-art results for image synthesis, inpainting, and text-to-image tasks. However, they are still in the early stages of generating complex 3D shapes. This work proposes Diffusion-SDF, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Gene Chou , Yuval Bahat , Felix Heide
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