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With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), Natural Language Explanations (NLEs) have become increasingly important for understanding model predictions. However, these explanations often fail to faithfully represent the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yingming Wang , Pepa Atanasova

Natural language explanation (NLE) models aim at explaining the decision-making process of a black box system via generating natural language sentences which are human-friendly, high-level and fine-grained. Current NLE models explain the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Fawaz Sammani , Tanmoy Mukherjee , Nikos Deligiannis

Providing explanations in the context of Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a fundamental problem in machine learning. To obtain detailed insights into the process of generating natural language explanations for VQA, we introduce the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Leonard Salewski , A. Sophia Koepke , Hendrik P. A. Lensch , Zeynep Akata

Visual Question Answering (VQA) research seeks to create AI systems to answer natural language questions in images, yet VQA methods often yield overly simplistic and short answers. This paper aims to advance the field by introducing Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Jialu Li , Manish Kumar Thota , Ruslan Gokhman , Radek Holik , Youshan Zhang

Explanations of neural models aim to reveal a model's decision-making process for its predictions. However, recent work shows that current methods giving explanations such as saliency maps or counterfactuals can be misleading, as they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Pepa Atanasova , Oana-Maria Camburu , Christina Lioma , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Isabelle Augenstein

Visual reasoning tasks such as visual question answering (VQA) require an interplay of visual perception with reasoning about the question semantics grounded in perception. However, recent advances in this area are still primarily driven by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Saeed Amizadeh , Hamid Palangi , Oleksandr Polozov , Yichen Huang , Kazuhito Koishida

While recent works have been considerably improving the quality of the natural language explanations (NLEs) generated by a model to justify its predictions, there is very limited research in detecting and alleviating inconsistencies among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Myeongjun Jang , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder , Julian McAuley , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Oana-Maria Camburu

Vision and language model (VLM) decoders are currently the best-performing architectures on multimodal tasks. Next to answers, they are able to produce natural language explanations, either in post-hoc or CoT settings. However, it is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Letitia Parcalabescu , Anette Frank

Visual Question Answering (VQA) attracts much attention from both industry and academia. As a multi-modality task, it is challenging since it requires not only visual and textual understanding, but also the ability to align cross-modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Peixi Xiong , Quanzeng You , Pei Yu , Zicheng Liu , Ying Wu

The field of visual question answering (VQA) has recently seen a surge in research focused on providing explanations for predicted answers. However, current systems mostly rely on separate models to predict answers and generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Chenxi Whitehouse , Tillman Weyde , Pranava Madhyastha

Natural Language Explanations (NLE) aim at supplementing the prediction of a model with human-friendly natural text. Existing NLE approaches involve training separate models for each downstream task. In this work, we propose Uni-NLX, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Fawaz Sammani , Nikos Deligiannis

Due to the significant advancement of Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision-based models, Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems are becoming more intelligent and advanced. However, they are still error-prone when dealing with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Zeyd Boukhers , Timo Hartmann , Jan Jürjens

The multimodal task of Visual Question Answering (VQA) encompassing elements of Computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processing (NLP), aims to generate answers to questions on any visual input. Over time, the scope of VQA has expanded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Md Farhan Ishmam , Md Sakib Hossain Shovon , M. F. Mridha , Nilanjan Dey

Humans apprehend the world through various sensory modalities, yet language is their predominant communication channel. Machine learning systems need to draw on the same multimodal richness to have informed discourses with humans in natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Min Wang , Ata Mahjoubfar , Anupama Joshi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong multimodal reasoning capabilities on Visual-Question-Answering (VQA) benchmarks. However, their robustness against textual misinformation remains under-explored. While existing research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Chi Zhang , Wenxuan Ding , Jiale Liu , Mingrui Wu , Qingyun Wu , Ray Mooney

Visual Question Answering (VQA) requires reasoning across visual and textual modalities, yet Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often lack integrated commonsense knowledge, limiting their robustness in real-world scenarios. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shuo Yang , Siwen Luo , Soyeon Caren Han , Eduard Hovy

Most recent state-of-the-art Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems are opaque black boxes that are only trained to fit the answer distribution given the question and visual content. As a result, these systems frequently take shortcuts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Jialin Wu , Liyan Chen , Raymond J. Mooney

With deep neural models increasingly permeating our daily lives comes a need for transparent and comprehensible explanations of their decision-making. However, most explanation methods that have been developed so far are not intuitively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Jakob Ambsdorf

Visual question answering (VQA) has been gaining a lot of traction in the machine learning community in the recent years due to the challenges posed in understanding information coming from multiple modalities (i.e., images, language). In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Muralikrishnna G. Sethuraman , Ali Payani , Faramarz Fekri , J. Clayton Kerce

Visual question answering (VQA) is a critical multimodal task in which an agent must answer questions according to the visual cue. Unfortunately, language bias is a common problem in VQA, which refers to the model generating answers only by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Xinyao Shu , Shiyang Yan , Xu Yang , Ziheng Wu , Zhongfeng Chen , Zhenyu Lu