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Federated learning enables institutions to train predictive models collaboratively without sharing raw data, addressing privacy and regulatory constraints. In the standard horizontal setting, clients hold disjoint cohorts of individuals and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Alexis Ayme , Rémi Khellaf

Recently, prompt learning has garnered considerable attention for its success in various Vision-Language (VL) tasks. However, existing prompt-based models are primarily focused on studying prompt generation and prompt strategies with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Ruiting Dai , Yuqiao Tan , Lisi Mo , Tao He , Ke Qin , Shuang Liang

Federated learning is a powerful paradigm for large-scale machine learning, but it faces significant challenges due to unreliable network connections, slow communication, and substantial data heterogeneity across clients. FedAvg and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Ziheng Cheng , Xinmeng Huang , Pengfei Wu , Kun Yuan

Real-world multimodal systems routinely face missing-input scenarios, and in reality, robots lose audio in a factory or a clinical record omits lab tests at inference time. Standard fusion layers either preserve robustness or calibration…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-22 Leon Chlon , Maggie Chlon , MarcAntonio M. Awada

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized medical institutions while preserving data privacy. However, medical FL benchmarks remain scarce, with existing efforts focusing mainly on unimodal or bimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Aavash Chhetri , Bibek Niroula , Pratik Shrestha , Yash Raj Shrestha , Lesley A Anderson , Prashnna K Gyawali , Loris Bazzani , Binod Bhattarai

Multimodal learning often outperforms its unimodal counterparts by exploiting unimodal contributions and cross-modal interactions. However, focusing only on integrating multimodal features into a unified comprehensive representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Sehwan Moon , Hyunju Lee

Multimodal emotion recognition leverages complementary information across modalities to gain performance. However, we cannot guarantee that the data of all modalities are always present in practice. In the studies to predict the missing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Haolin Zuo , Rui Liu , Jinming Zhao , Guanglai Gao , Haizhou Li

Federated Prototype Learning (FedPL) has emerged as an effective strategy for handling data heterogeneity in Federated Learning (FL). In FedPL, clients collaboratively construct a set of global feature centers (prototypes), and let local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xinghao Wu , Jianwei Niu , Xuefeng Liu , Guogang Zhu , Jiayuan Zhang , Shaojie Tang , Wei Chen

Although Federated Learning (FL) enables global model training across clients without compromising their raw data, due to the unevenly distributed data among clients, existing Federated Averaging (FedAvg)-based methods suffer from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Ming Hu , Zhihao Yue , Xiaofei Xie , Cheng Chen , Yihao Huang , Xian Wei , Xiang Lian , Yang Liu , Mingsong Chen

Over the past few years, Federated Learning (FL) has become an emerging machine learning technique to tackle data privacy challenges through collaborative training. In the Federated Learning algorithm, the clients submit a locally trained…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Tiantian Feng , Digbalay Bose , Tuo Zhang , Rajat Hebbar , Anil Ramakrishna , Rahul Gupta , Mi Zhang , Salman Avestimehr , Shrikanth Narayanan

Federated learning (FL) allows collaborative machine learning training without sharing private data. While most FL methods assume identical data domains across clients, real-world scenarios often involve heterogeneous data domains.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Lei Wang , Jieming Bian , Letian Zhang , Chen Chen , Jie Xu

Federated learning (FL) has shown great potential in medical image computing since it provides a decentralized learning paradigm that allows multiple clients to train a model collaboratively without privacy leakage. However, current studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Meilu Zhu , Qiushi Yang , Zhifan Gao , Yixuan Yuan , Jun Liu

Multimodal machine learning with missing modalities is an increasingly relevant challenge arising in various applications such as healthcare. This paper extends the current research into missing modalities to the low-data regime, i.e., a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Zhuo Zhi , Ziquan Liu , Moe Elbadawi , Adam Daneshmend , Mine Orlu , Abdul Basit , Andreas Demosthenous , Miguel Rodrigues

Federated prompt learning benefits federated learning with CLIP-like Vision-Language Model's (VLM's) robust representation learning ability through prompt learning. However, current federated prompt learning methods are habitually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Jun Luo , Chen Chen , Shandong Wu

Federated learning (FL) enables resource-constrained edge nodes to collaboratively learn a global model under the orchestration of a central server while keeping privacy-sensitive data locally. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Hongda Wu , Ping Wang

Federated Learning (FL) allows collaborative machine learning training without sharing private data. Numerous studies have shown that one significant factor affecting the performance of federated learning models is the heterogeneity of data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Liang Kuang , Kuangpu Guo , Jian Liang , Jianguo Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that scales on-device learning collaboratively and privately. Standard FL algorithms such as FedAvg are primarily geared towards smooth unconstrained settings. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Honglin Yuan , Manzil Zaheer , Sashank Reddi

As a promising distributed machine learning paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) enables all the involved devices to train a global model collaboratively without exposing their local data privacy. However, for non-IID scenarios, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Ming Hu , Tian Liu , Zhiwei Ling , Zhihao Yue , Mingsong Chen

Multimodal learning enables neural networks to integrate information from heterogeneous sources, but active learning in this setting faces distinct challenges. These include missing modalities, differences in modality difficulty, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Dustin Eisenhardt , Yunhee Jeong , Florian Buettner

Heterogeneous Federated Learning (HFL) has gained significant attention for its capacity to handle both model and data heterogeneity across clients. Prototype-based HFL methods emerge as a promising solution to address statistical and model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Fatema Siddika , Md Anwar Hossen , Wensheng Zhang , Anuj Sharma , Juan Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari