Related papers: Sampling Complexity of Deep Approximation Spaces

Training a one-node neural network with ReLU activation function (One-Node-ReLU) is a fundamental optimization problem in deep learning. In this paper, we begin with proving the NP-hardness of training One-Node-ReLU. We then present an…

Neural networks and rational functions efficiently approximate each other. In more detail, it is shown here that for any ReLU network, there exists a rational function of degree $O(\text{polylog}(1/\epsilon))$ which is $\epsilon$-close, and…

The nonlinearity of activation functions used in deep learning models are crucial for the success of predictive models. There are several commonly used simple nonlinear functions, including Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) and Leaky-ReLU…

There has been a large amount of interest, both in the past and particularly recently, into the power of different families of universal approximators, e.g. ReLU networks, polynomials, rational functions. However, current research has…

Universal approximation theorem suggests that a shallow neural network can approximate any function. The input to neurons at each layer is a weighted sum of previous layer neurons and then an activation is applied. These activation…

Recent results in nonparametric regression show that deep learning, i.e., neural network estimates with many hidden layers, are able to circumvent the so-called curse of dimensionality in case that suitable restrictions on the structure of…

In 1989 George Cybenko proved in a landmark paper that wide shallow neural networks can approximate arbitrary continuous functions on a compact set. This universal approximation theorem sparked a lot of follow-up research. Shen, Yang and…

For artificial deep neural networks, we prove expression rates for analytic functions $f:\mathbb{R}^d\to\mathbb{R}$ in the norm of $L^2(\mathbb{R}^d,\gamma_d)$ where $d\in {\mathbb{N}}\cup\{ \infty \}$. Here $\gamma_d$ denotes the Gaussian…

We study the training of deep neural networks by gradient descent where floating-point arithmetic is used to compute the gradients. In this framework and under realistic assumptions, we demonstrate that it is highly unlikely to find ReLU…

We prove a theorem concerning the approximation of multivariate functions by deep ReLU networks. We present new error estimates for which the curse of the dimensionality is lessened by establishing a connection with sparse grids.

We show that deep networks are better than shallow networks at approximating functions that can be expressed as a composition of functions described by a directed acyclic graph, because the deep networks can be designed to have the same…

The loss surfaces of deep neural networks have been the subject of several studies, theoretical and experimental, over the last few years. One strand of work considers the complexity, in the sense of local optima, of high dimensional random…

This paper investigates the ability of finite samples to identify two-layer irreducible shallow networks with various nonlinear activation functions, including rectified linear units (ReLU) and analytic functions such as the logistic…

This paper concentrates on the approximation power of deep feed-forward neural networks in terms of width and depth. It is proved by construction that ReLU networks with width $\mathcal{O}\big(\max\{d\lfloor N^{1/d}\rfloor,\, N+2\}\big)$…

While deep learning is successful in a number of applications, it is not yet well understood theoretically. A satisfactory theoretical characterization of deep learning however, is beginning to emerge. It covers the following questions: 1)…

We study the approximation properties of random ReLU features through their reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). We first prove a universality theorem for the RKHS induced by random features whose feature maps are of the form of nodes…

This study explores the number of neurons required for a Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) neural network to approximate multivariate monomials. We establish an exponential lower bound on the complexity of any shallow network approximating the…

Researchers have proposed various activation functions. These activation functions help the deep network to learn non-linear behavior with a significant effect on training dynamics and task performance. The performance of these activations…

It is well-known that overparametrized neural networks trained using gradient-based methods quickly achieve small training error with appropriate hyperparameter settings. Recent papers have proved this statement theoretically for highly…

We are interested in assessing the use of neural networks as surrogate models to approximate and minimize objective functions in optimization problems. While neural networks are widely used for machine learning tasks such as classification…