Related papers: Benchmarks for Retrospective Automated Driving Sys…
Deployed SAE level 4+ Automated Driving Systems (ADS) without a human driver are currently operational ride-hailing fleets on surface streets in the United States. This current use case and future applications of this technology will…
This paper presents crash rate benchmarks for evaluating US-based Automated Driving Systems (ADS) for multiple urban areas. The purpose of this study was to extend prior benchmarks focused only on surface streets to additionally capture…
The public, regulators, and domain experts alike seek to understand the effect of deployed SAE level 4 automated driving system (ADS) technologies on safety. The recent expansion of ADS technology deployments is paving the way for early…
Vehicles equipped with automated driving capabilities have shown potential to improve safety and operations. Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automated driving systems (ADS) have been widely developed to support vehicular…
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Automated Driving Systems (ADS) are expected to improve comfort, productivity and, most importantly, safety for all road users. To ensure that the systems are safe, rules and regulations…
This paper examines the safety performance of the Waymo Driver, an SAE level 4 automated driving system (ADS) used in a rider-only (RO) ride-hailing application without a human driver, either in the vehicle or remotely. ADS crash data was…
SAE Level 4 Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) are deployed on public roads, including Waymo's Rider-Only (RO) ride-hailing service (without a driver behind the steering wheel). The objective of this study was to perform a retrospective…
Introduction: This paper reviewed current driving automation (DA) and baseline human-driven crash databases and evaluated their comparability. Method: Five sources of DA crash data and three sources of human-driven crash data were reviewed…
Response timing measures play a crucial role in the assessment of automated driving systems (ADS) in collision avoidance scenarios, including but not limited to establishing human benchmarks and comparing ADS to human driver response…
Automated driving systems (ADSs) promise a safe, comfortable and efficient driving experience. However, fatalities involving vehicles equipped with ADSs are on the rise. The full potential of ADSs cannot be realized unless the robustness of…
Real-time safety metrics are important for the automated driving system (ADS) to assess the risk of driving situations and to assist the decision-making. Although a number of real-time safety metrics have been proposed in the literature,…
Automated Driving Systems (ADS) hold great potential to increase safety, mobility, and equity. However, without public acceptance, none of these promises can be fulfilled. To engender public trust, many entities in the ADS community…
This paper frames recent publications from Waymo within the broader context of the safety readiness determination for an Automated Driving System (ADS). Starting from a brief overview of safety performance outcomes reported by Waymo (i.e.,…
A growing number of vehicles are being transformed into semi-autonomous vehicles (Level 2 autonomy) by relying on advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) to improve the driving experience. However, the increasing complexity and…
Autonomous Driving (AD) systems demand the high levels of safety assurance. Despite significant advancements in AD demonstrated on open-source benchmarks like Longest6 and Bench2Drive, existing datasets still lack regulatory-compliant…
Automated Driving Systems (ADS) have made great achievements in recent years thanks to the efforts from both academia and industry. A typical ADS is composed of multiple modules, including sensing, perception, planning, and control, which…
Autonomous vehicles are continually increasing their presence on public roads. However, before any new autonomous driving software can be approved, it must first undergo a rigorous assessment of driving quality. These quality evaluations…
We present an overview of recently developed data-driven tools for safety analysis of autonomous vehicles and advanced driver assist systems. The core algorithms combine model-based, hybrid system reachability analysis with sensitivity…
The rapid development of artificial intelligence, especially deep learning technology, has advanced autonomous driving systems (ADSs) by providing precise control decisions to counterpart almost any driving event, spanning from anti-fatigue…
The automotive industry is experiencing a transition from assisted to highly automated driving. New concepts for validation of Automated Driving System (ADS) include amongst other a shift from a "technology based" approach to a "scenario…