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Terahertz (THz) extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) is considered a key enabling technology for 6G and beyond due to its advantages such as wide bandwidth and high beam gain. As the frequency and array size increase, users are more likely…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-15 Huixin Xu , Jianhua Zhang , Pan Tang , Hongbo Xing , Chong Han , Lei Tian , Qixing Wang , Guangyi Liu

High-frequency communication systems bring extremely large aperture arrays (ELAA) and large bandwidths, integrating localization and (bi-static) sensing functions without extra infrastructure. Such systems are likely to operate in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Hui Chen , Pinjun Zheng , Yu Ge , Ahmed Elzanaty , Jiguang He , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Henk Wymeersch

In this article, we present our vision for how extremely large aperture arrays (ELAAs), equipped with hundreds or thousands of antennas, can play a major role in future 6G networks by enabling a remarkable increase in data rates through…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-23 Parisa Ramezani , Alva Kosasih , Amna Irshad , Emil Björnson

Extremely large antenna array (ELAA) not only effectively enhances system communication performance but also improves the sensing capabilities of communication systems, making it one of the key enabling technologies in 6G wireless networks.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Boyu Teng , Xiaojun Yuan , Rui Wang , Ying-Chang Liang

Digital revolution and recent advances in telecommunications technology enable to design communication systems which operate within the regions close to the theoretical capacity limits. Ever-increasing demand for wireless communications and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Ali Rıza Ekti , Ali Boyacı , Altan Alparslan , Ilhami Unal , Serhan Yarkan , Ali Gorcin , Huseyin Arslan , Murat Uysal

Extremely large-scale antenna arrays (ELAAs) envisioned for 6G enable high-resolution sensing. However, the ELAAs worked in extremely high frequency will push operation into the near-field region, where spherical wavefronts invalidate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-01 Tong Wei , Kumar Vijay Mishra , Bhavani Shankar M. R. , Björn Ottersten

TeraHertz (THz) communications are envisioned as a promising technology, owing to its unprecedented multi-GHz bandwidth. In this paper, wideband channel measurement campaigns at 140 GHz and 220 GHz are conducted in indoor scenarios…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Jia He , Yi Chen , Yiqin Wang , Ziming Yu , Chong Han

The integration of terahertz communications and ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (UM-MIMO) systems in 6G networks is motivated by their ability to enable unprecedented data rates, mitigate spectrum congestion, and enhance…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Dmitry Artemasov , Alexander Shmatok , Kirill Andreev , Alexey Frolov , Manjesh K. Hanawal , Nikola Zlatanov

The large bandwidth combined with ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (UM-MIMO) arrays enables terahertz (THz) systems to achieve terabits-per-second throughput. The THz systems are expected to operate in the near, intermediate, as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Simon Tarboush , Anum Ali , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The distributed upper 6 GHz (U6G) extra-large scale antenna array (ELAA) is a key enabler for future wireless communication systems, offering higher throughput and wider coverage, similar to existing ELAA systems, while effectively…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-30 Jiachen Tian , Zhengtao Jin , Xiayang Chen , Yu Han , Shi Jin , Wenjin Wang , Chao-Kai Wen

TeraHertz (THz) communications are envisioned as a promising technology, owing to its unprecedented multi-GHz bandwidth. One fundamental challenge when moving to new spectrum is to understand the science of radio propagation and develop an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Yi Chen , Yuanbo Li , Chong Han , Ziming Yu , Guangjian Wang

Ray tracing is a versatile approach for precise sub-terahertz (sub-THz, 100-300 GHz) channel modeling when designing new mechanisms for beyond-6G cellular systems. Theoretically, wireless channels may exhibit variations over wavelength…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Hossein Amininasab , Huda Farooqui , Dmitri Moltchanov , Sergey Andreev , Michele Polese , Mikko Valkama , Josep M. Jornet

Terahertz (THz) frequencies are important for next generation wireless systems due to the advantages in terms of large available bandwidths. On the other hand, the limited range due to high attenuation in these frequencies can be overcome…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-31 Hasan Nayir , Erhan Karakoca , Güneş Karabulut Kurt , Ali Görçin

This paper investigates how near-field beamfocusing can be achieved using a modular linear array (MLA), composed of multiple widely spaced uniform linear arrays (ULAs). The MLA architecture extends the aperture length of a standard ULA…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-09 Alva Kosasih , Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

Terahertz-band (100 GHz-10 THz) communication is a promising radio technology envisioned to enable ultra-high data rate, reliable and low-latency wireless connectivity in next-generation wireless systems. However, the low transmission power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-26 Priyangshu Sen , Sherif Badran , Vitaly Petrov , Arjun Singh , Josep M. Jornet

Dynamic metasurface antennas (DMAs) represent a novel transceiver array architecture for extremely large-scale (XL) communications, offering the advantages of reduced power consumption and lower hardware costs compared to conventional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-09 Songjie Yang , Wanting Lyu , Boyu Ning , Yue Xiu , Youzhi Xiong , Hua Chen , Chadi Assi , Chau Yuen

Joint communication and sensing (JCS) is envisioned as an enabler of future 6G networks. One of the key features of these networks will be the use of extremely large aperture arrays (ELAAs) and high operating frequencies, which will result…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-09 Caterina Giovannetti , Nicolò Decarli , Davide Dardari

Near-field propagation is often unavoidable at terahertz (THz) frequencies due to the large apertures needed for sufficient array gain, yet near-field operation complicates practical system design, especially under user mobility. This paper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Peng Zhang , Vitaly Petrov , Arjun Singh , Emil Björnson , Josep Miquel Jornet

Next-generation mobile networks promise to support high throughput, massive connectivity, and improved energy efficiency. To achieve these ambitious goals, extremely large-scale antenna arrays (ELAAs) and terahertz communications constitute…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jiancheng An , Chau Yuen , Linglong Dai , Marco Di Renzo , Merouane Debbah , Lajos Hanzo

Terahertz frequency bands will likely be used for the next-generation wireless communication systems to provide data rates of hundreds of Gbps or even Tbps because of the wide swaths of unused and unexplored spectrum. This paper presents…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Yunchou Xing , Theodore S. Rappaport