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The external visual inspections of rolling stock's underfloor equipment are currently being performed via human visual inspection. In this study, we attempt to partly automate visual inspection by investigating anomaly inspection algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Yohei Baba , Takuro Hoshi , Ryosuke Mori , Gaurang Gavai

This paper presents a simple yet effective method for anomaly detection. The main idea is to learn small perturbations to perturb normal data and learn a classifier to classify the normal data and the perturbed data into two different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Jinyu Cai , Jicong Fan

Anomaly detection without priors of the anomalies is challenging. In the field of unsupervised anomaly detection, traditional auto-encoder (AE) tends to fail based on the assumption that by training only on normal images, the model will not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yajie Cui , Zhaoxiang Liu , Shiguo Lian

Anomaly detection is nowadays increasingly used in industrial applications and processes. One of the main fields of the appliance is the visual inspection for surface anomaly detection, which aims to spot regions that deviate from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Niccolò Ferrari , Michele Fraccaroli , Evelina Lamma

Industrial anomaly detection is a challenging open-set task that aims to identify unknown anomalous patterns deviating from normal data distribution. To avoid the significant memory consumption and limited generalizability brought by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Qishan Wang , Haofeng Wang , Shuyong Gao , Jia Guo , Li Xiong , Jiaqi Li , Dengxuan Bai , Wenqiang Zhang

In Pose-based Video Anomaly Detection prior art is rooted on the assumption that abnormal events can be mostly regarded as a result of uncommon human behavior. Opposed to utilizing skeleton representations of humans, however, we investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-30 Mia Siemon , Ivan Nikolov , Thomas B. Moeslund , Kamal Nasrollahi

Visual anomaly detection in real-world industrial settings faces two major limitations. First, most existing methods are trained on purely normal data or on unlabeled datasets assumed to be predominantly normal, presuming the absence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Anindya Sundar Das , Monowar Bhuyan

Anomaly detection-based spoof attack detection is a recent development in face Presentation Attack Detection (fPAD), where a spoof detector is learned using only non-attacked images of users. These detectors are of practical importance as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Yashasvi Baweja , Poojan Oza , Pramuditha Perera , Vishal M. Patel

Anomaly inspection plays an important role in industrial manufacture. Existing anomaly inspection methods are limited in their performance due to insufficient anomaly data. Although anomaly generation methods have been proposed to augment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Teng Hu , Jiangning Zhang , Ran Yi , Yuzhen Du , Xu Chen , Liang Liu , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang

Generative models have demonstrated significant success in anomaly detection and segmentation over the past decade. Recently, diffusion models have emerged as a powerful alternative, outperforming previous approaches such as GANs and VAEs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Mehrdad Moradi , Marco Grasso , Bianca Maria Colosimo , Kamran Paynabar

Anomaly detection has various applications including condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. The objective is to sense the environment, learn the normal system state, and then periodically classify whether the instantaneous state deviates…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-12-16 Kiril Ralinovski , Mario Goldenbaum , Sławomir Stańczak

Video anomaly detection is an ill-posed problem because it relies on many parameters such as appearance, pose, camera angle, background, and more. We distill the problem to anomaly detection of human pose, thus decreasing the risk of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Or Hirschorn , Shai Avidan

Object detection methods under known single degradations have been extensively investigated. However, existing approaches require prior knowledge of the degradation type and train a separate model for each, limiting their practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yuwei Zhang , Yan Wu , Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng

Video anomaly detection is often seen as one-class classification (OCC) problem due to the limited availability of anomaly examples. Typically, to tackle this problem, an autoencoder (AE) is trained to reconstruct the input with training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Marcella Astrid , Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Jae-Yeong Lee , Seung-Ik Lee

Evaluating anomaly detection algorithms in time series data is critical as inaccuracies can lead to flawed decision-making in various domains where real-time analytics and data-driven strategies are essential. Traditional performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Ramin Ghorbani , Marcel J. T. Reinders , David M. J. Tax

Recently anomaly detection has drawn much attention in diagnosing ocular diseases. Most existing anomaly detection research in fundus images has relatively large anomaly scores in the salient retinal structures, such as blood vessels,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jingqi Niu , Shiwen Dong , Qinji Yu , Kang Dang , Xiaowei Ding

Reconstruction-based anomaly detection models achieve their purpose by suppressing the generalization ability for anomaly. However, diverse normal patterns are consequently not well reconstructed as well. Although some efforts have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Wenrui Liu , Hong Chang , Bingpeng Ma , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) presents a significant challenge in computer vision, particularly due to the unpredictable and infrequent nature of anomalous events, coupled with the diverse and dynamic environments in which they occur.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Ghazal Alinezhad Noghre , Armin Danesh Pazho , Hamed Tabkhi

Anomaly detection is concerned with identifying data patterns that deviate remarkably from the expected behaviour. This is an important research problem, due to its broad set of application domains, from data analysis to e-health,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 L. Erhan , M. Ndubuaku , M. Di Mauro , W. Song , M. Chen , G. Fortino , O. Bagdasar , A. Liotta

Pose-based anomaly detection is a video-analysis technique for detecting anomalous events or behaviors by examining human pose extracted from the video frames. Utilizing pose data alleviates privacy and ethical issues. Also,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Ghazal Alinezhad Noghre , Armin Danesh Pazho , Vinit Katariya , Hamed Tabkhi