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Natural language processing of Low-Resource Languages (LRL) is often challenged by the lack of data. Therefore, achieving accurate machine translation (MT) in a low-resource environment is a real problem that requires practical solutions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Yewei Song , Saad Ezzini , Jacques Klein , Tegawende Bissyande , Clément Lefebvre , Anne Goujon

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, deploying LLMs at scale for domain specific applications, such as job-person fit and explanation in job seeking…

How to alleviate the hallucinations of Large Language Models (LLMs) has always been the fundamental goal pursued by the LLMs research community. Looking through numerous hallucination-related studies, a mainstream category of methods is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yinghui Li , Haojing Huang , Jiayi Kuang , Yangning Li , Shu-Yu Guo , Chao Qu , Xiaoyu Tan , Hai-Tao Zheng , Ying Shen , Philip S. Yu

Large language models (LLMs) are predominantly used as evaluators for natural language generation (NLG) tasks, but their application to broader evaluation scenarios remains limited. In this work, we explore the potential of LLMs as general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jie Meng , Jin Mao

Trained on a vast amount of data, Large Language models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented success and generalization in modeling fairly complex textual inputs in the abstract space, making them powerful tools for zero-shot learning. Such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Shervin Ardeshir

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant success in natural language processing (NLP) and various interdisciplinary areas. However, applying LLMs to chemistry is a complex task that requires specialized domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Chang Liao , Yemin Yu , Yu Mei , Ying Wei

Large Language Models (LLM) are already widely used to generate content for a variety of online platforms. As we are not able to safely distinguish LLM-generated content from human-produced content, LLM-generated content is used to train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Martin Briesch , Dominik Sobania , Franz Rothlauf

Reward models (RMs) play a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Due to the difficulty of obtaining high-quality human preference annotations, distilling preferences from generative LLMs has emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hongli Zhou , Hui Huang , Wei Liu , Chenglong Wang , Xingyuan Bu , Lvyuan Han , Fuhai Song , Muyun Yang , Wenhao Jiang , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely studied for their ability to store and utilize positive knowledge. However, negative knowledge, such as "lions don't live in the ocean", is also ubiquitous in the world but rarely mentioned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Jiangjie Chen , Wei Shi , Ziquan Fu , Sijie Cheng , Lei Li , Yanghua Xiao

This study focuses on improving the performance of lightweight Large Language Models (LLMs) in mathematical reasoning tasks. We introduce a novel method for measuring mathematical logic similarity and design an automatic screening mechanism…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ding Kai , Ma Zhenguo , Yan Xiaoran

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various NLP tasks. However, their computational costs are prohibitively high. To address this issue, previous research has attempted to distill the knowledge of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chengyuan Liu , Yangyang Kang , Fubang Zhao , Kun Kuang , Zhuoren Jiang , Changlong Sun , Fei Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been touted as AI models possessing advanced reasoning abilities. In theory, autoregressive LLMs with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) can perform more serial computations to solve complex reasoning tasks. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Rishi Hazra , Gabriele Venturato , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt

Language Models (LMs) exhibit two distinct mechanisms for knowledge acquisition: in-weights learning (i.e., encoding information within the model weights) and in-context learning (ICL). Although these two modes offer complementary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Arslan Chaudhry , Sridhar Thiagarajan , Andrew Lampinen

This paper aims to address the challenge of sparse and missing data in recommendation systems, a significant hurdle in the age of big data. Traditional imputation methods struggle to capture complex relationships within the data. We propose…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Zhicheng Ding , Jiahao Tian , Zhenkai Wang , Jinman Zhao , Siyang Li

Despite the success of large language models (LLMs) in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, the stored knowledge in these models may inevitably be incomplete, out-of-date, or incorrect. This motivates the need to utilize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Hangfeng He , Hongming Zhang , Dan Roth

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known for their expensive and time-consuming training. Thus, oftentimes, LLMs are fine-tuned to address a specific task, given the pretrained weights of a pre-trained LLM considered a foundation model. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Eshed Gal , Moshe Eliasof , Javier Turek , Uri Ascher , Eran Treister , Eldad Haber

Despite their strong performance, large language models (LLMs) face challenges in real-world application of lexical simplification (LS), particularly in privacy-sensitive and resource-constrained environments. Moreover, since vulnerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Akio Hayakawa , Stefan Bott , Horacio Saggion

Large Language Models (LLMs) have democratized synthetic data generation, which in turn has the potential to simplify and broaden a wide gamut of NLP tasks. Here, we tackle a pervasive problem in synthetic data generation: its generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Veniamin Veselovsky , Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Akhil Arora , Martin Josifoski , Ashton Anderson , Robert West

Recent works have successfully applied Large Language Models (LLMs) to function modeling tasks. However, the reasons behind this success remain unclear. In this work, we propose a new evaluation framework to comprehensively assess LLMs'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui , Yanzhi Chen , Juyeon Heo , Menglin Xia , Adrian Weller

This survey paper delves into the emerging and critical area of symbolic knowledge distillation in Large Language Models (LLMs). As LLMs like Generative Pre-trained Transformer-3 (GPT-3) and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Kamal Acharya , Alvaro Velasquez , Houbing Herbert Song
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