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Although large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive performance for many language tasks, most of them can only handle texts a few thousand tokens long, limiting their applications on longer sequence inputs, such as books, reports,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yushi Bai , Xin Lv , Jiajie Zhang , Hongchang Lyu , Jiankai Tang , Zhidian Huang , Zhengxiao Du , Xiao Liu , Aohan Zeng , Lei Hou , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Juanzi Li

The surge of large language models (LLMs) has driven significant progress in medical applications, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, current medical LLMs struggle with TCM diagnosis and syndrome differentiation due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Sibo Wei , Xueping Peng , Yi-Fei Wang , Tao Shen , Jiasheng Si , Weiyu Zhang , Fa Zhu , Athanasios V. Vasilakos , Wenpeng Lu , Xiaoming Wu , Yinglong Wang

Process-Level Reward Models (PRMs) are essential for guiding complex reasoning in large language models, yet existing PRM benchmarks cover only general domains such as mathematics, failing to address medical reasoning -- which is uniquely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lingyan Wu , Xiang Zheng , Weiqi Zhai , Wei Wang , Xuan Ren , Zifan Zhang , Hu Wei , Bing Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold great promise to revolutionize current clinical systems for their superior capacities on medical text processing tasks and medical licensing exams. Meanwhile, traditional ML models such as SVM and XGBoost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Canyu Chen , Jian Yu , Shan Chen , Che Liu , Zhongwei Wan , Danielle Bitterman , Fei Wang , Kai Shu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on various medical benchmarks, but their capabilities across different cognitive levels remain underexplored. Inspired by Bloom's Taxonomy, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yuxuan Zhou , Xien Liu , Chenwei Yan , Chen Ning , Xiao Zhang , Boxun Li , Xiangling Fu , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu , Yu Wang , Ji Wu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential in providing accessible mental health support, their practical deployment raises critical trustworthiness concerns due to the domains high-stakes and safety-sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zixin Xiong , Ziteng Wang , Haotian Fan , Xinjie Zhang , Wenxuan Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but the quality bar for medical and clinical applications is high. Today, attempts to assess models' clinical knowledge…

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (LVLMs) have shown promise across many tasks, yet their scientific reasoning capabilities remain untested, particularly in multimodal settings. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xinwu Ye , Chengfan Li , Siming Chen , Wei Wei , Xiangru Tang

Large Language Models tend to struggle when dealing with specialized domains. While all aspects of evaluation hold importance, factuality is the most critical one. Similarly, reliable fact-checking tools and data sources are essential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Anum Afzal , Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

Large language model (LLM) simulations of human behavior have the potential to revolutionize the social and behavioral sciences, if and only if they faithfully reflect real human behaviors. Current evaluations of simulation fidelity are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tiancheng Hu , Joachim Baumann , Lorenzo Lupo , Nigel Collier , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

Reasoning stands as a cornerstone of intelligence, enabling the synthesis of existing knowledge to solve complex problems. Despite remarkable progress, existing reasoning benchmarks often fail to rigorously evaluate the nuanced reasoning…

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to code-related tasks, a central question emerges: Do LLMs truly understand program semantics? We introduce EquiBench, a new benchmark for evaluating LLMs through equivalence checking, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Anjiang Wei , Jiannan Cao , Ran Li , Hongyu Chen , Yuhui Zhang , Ziheng Wang , Yuan Liu , Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira , Diyi Yang , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken

Recently, Large Language Models (LLM) have demonstrated impressive capability to solve a wide range of tasks. However, despite their success across various tasks, no prior work has investigated their capability in the biomedical domain yet.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Israt Jahan , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Chun Peng , Jimmy Huang

Chinese idioms (Chengyu) are concise four-character expressions steeped in history and culture, whose literal translations often fail to capture their full meaning. This complexity makes them challenging for language models to interpret and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yicheng Fu , Zhemin Huang , Liuxin Yang , Yumeng Lu , Zhongdongming Dai

With the increasing application of large language models (LLMs) in the medical domain, evaluating these models' performance using benchmark datasets has become crucial. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of various benchmark…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in the financial domain. Thus, it becomes important to assess the performance of LLMs in the financial tasks. In this work, we introduce CFBenchmark, to evaluate the performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Yang Lei , Jiangtong Li , Dawei Cheng , Zhijun Ding , Changjun Jiang

Evaluating progress in large language models (LLMs) is often constrained by the challenge of verifying responses, limiting assessments to tasks like mathematics, programming, and short-form question-answering. However, many real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhilin Wang , Jaehun Jung , Ximing Lu , Shizhe Diao , Ellie Evans , Jiaqi Zeng , Pavlo Molchanov , Yejin Choi , Jan Kautz , Yi Dong

Large language models (LLMs) show increasing promise in medical applications, but their ability to detect and correct errors in clinical texts -- a prerequisite for safe deployment -- remains under-evaluated, particularly beyond English. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Naoto Iwase , Hiroki Okuyama , Junichiro Iwasawa

Recent years have witnessed a significant interest in developing large multimodal models (LMMs) capable of performing various visual reasoning and understanding tasks. This has led to the introduction of multiple LMM benchmarks to evaluate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Sara Ghaboura , Ahmed Heakl , Omkar Thawakar , Ali Alharthi , Ines Riahi , Abduljalil Saif , Jorma Laaksonen , Fahad S. Khan , Salman Khan , Rao M. Anwer

Large language models are increasingly used for medical guidance, but women's health remains under-evaluated in benchmark design. We present the Women's Health Benchmark (WHBench), a targeted evaluation suite of 47 expert-crafted scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Sneha Maurya , Pragya Saboo , Girish Kumar