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Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning diagram that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without sharing their private local data. However, FL systems are vulnerable to attacks that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Qilei Li , Ahmed M. Abdelmoniem

As a distributed learning, Federated Learning (FL) faces two challenges: the unbalanced distribution of training data among participants, and the model attack by Byzantine nodes. In this paper, we consider the long-tailed distribution with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Yanna Jiang , Baihe Ma , Xu Wang , Guangsheng Yu , Caijun Sun , Wei Ni , Ren Ping Liu

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training among multiple clients without the need to expose raw data. Its ability to safeguard privacy, at the heart of FL, has recently been a hot-button debate topic. To elaborate,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Mingyuan Fan , Fuyi Wang , Cen Chen , Jianying Zhou

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm enabling multiple clients to train a global model collaboratively without sharing their raw data. While FL enhances data privacy by design, it remains vulnerable…

While being an effective framework of learning a shared model across multiple edge devices, federated learning (FL) is generally vulnerable to Byzantine attacks from adversarial edge devices. While existing works on FL mitigate such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Youngjoon Lee , Sangwoo Park , Joonhyuk Kang

Recent attacks on critical infrastructure, including the 2021 Oldsmar water treatment breach and 2023 Danish energy sector compromises, highlight urgent security gaps in Industrial IoT (IIoT) deployments. While Federated Learning (FL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Samaresh Kumar Singh , Joyjit Roy , Martin So

Federated Learning (FL) enables clients to collaboratively train a global model using their local datasets while reinforcing data privacy, but it is prone to poisoning attacks. Existing defense mechanisms assume that clients' data are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mehdi Ben Ghali , Gouenou Coatrieux , Reda Bellafqira

Federated Learning (FL) has received increasing attention due to its privacy protection capability. However, the base algorithm FedAvg is vulnerable when it suffers from so-called backdoor attacks. Former researchers proposed several robust…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Jianyi Zhang , Fangjiao Zhang , Qichao Jin , Zhiqiang Wang , Xiaodong Lin , Xiali Hei

Prior efforts in enhancing federated learning (FL) security fall into two categories. At one end of the spectrum, some work uses secure aggregation techniques to hide the individual client's updates and only reveal the aggregated global…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Lun Wang , Qi Pang , Shuai Wang , Dawn Song

Federated Learning (FL) has recently emerged as a revolutionary approach to collaborative training Machine Learning models. In particular, it enables decentralized model training while preserving data privacy, but its distributed nature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Sameera K. M. , Serena Nicolazzo , Antonino Nocera , Vinod P. , Rafidha Rehiman K. A

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a shared model without exposing local data. However, backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to FL. These attacks aim to implant a stealthy trigger into the global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Chenyu Hu , Qiming Hu , Sinan Chen , Nianyu Li , Mingyue Zhang , Jialong Li

Federated Learning (FL) facilitates collaborative model training among distributed clients while ensuring that raw data remains on local devices.Despite this advantage, FL systems are still exposed to risks from malicious or unreliable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Deepthy K Bhaskar , Minimol B , Binu V P

Byzantine-robust Federated Learning (FL) aims to counter malicious clients and train an accurate global model while maintaining an extremely low attack success rate. Most existing systems, however, are only robust when most of the clients…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Rui Wang , Xingkai Wang , Huanhuan Chen , Jérémie Decouchant , Stjepan Picek , Nikolaos Laoutaris , Kaitai Liang

Federated learning is a novel framework that enables resource-constrained edge devices to jointly learn a model, which solves the problem of data protection and data islands. However, standard federated learning is vulnerable to Byzantine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Kun Zhai , Qiang Ren , Junli Wang , Chungang Yan

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that preserves users' data privacy while leveraging the entire dataset of all participants. In FL, multiple models are trained independently on the clients and aggregated centrally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Amin Eslami Abyane , Derui Zhu , Roberto Souza , Lei Ma , Hadi Hemmati

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed paradigm aimed at protecting participant data privacy by exchanging model parameters to achieve high-quality model training. However, this distributed nature also makes FL highly vulnerable to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Wei Wan , Yuxuan Ning , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Shengshan Hu , Ziqi Zhou , Yechao Zhang , Tianqing Zhu , Wanlei Zhou , Leo Yu Zhang

In this work, we propose FLVoogd, an updated federated learning method in which servers and clients collaboratively eliminate Byzantine attacks while preserving privacy. In particular, servers use automatic Density-based Spatial Clustering…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Yuhang Tian , Rui Wang , Yanqi Qiao , Emmanouil Panaousis , Kaitai Liang

Federated learning (FL) offers a privacy-preserving collaborative approach for training models in wireless networks, with channel estimation emerging as a promising application. Despite extensive studies on FL-empowered channel estimation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Zexin Fang , Bin Han , Hans D. Schotten

Federated Learning (FL) enables heterogeneous clients to collaboratively train a shared model without centralizing their raw data, offering an inherent level of privacy. However, gradients and model updates can still leak sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Rustem Islamov , Grigory Malinovsky , Alexander Gaponov , Aurelien Lucchi , Peter Richtárik , Eduard Gorbunov

Federated learning (FL) addresses privacy and data-silo issues in the training of large language models (LLMs). Most prior work focuses on improving the efficiency of federated learning for LLMs (FedLLM). However, security in open federated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mingxiang Tao , Yu Tian , Wenxuan Tu , Yue Yang , Xue Yang , Xiangyan Tang