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While finite non-commutative operator systems lie at the foundation of quantum measurement, they are also tools for understanding geometric iterations as used in the theory of iterated function systems (IFSs) and in wavelet analysis. Key is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Palle E. T. Jorgensen

Usual math sets have special types: countable, compact, open, occasionally Borel, rarely projective, etc. Each such set is described by a single Set Theory formula with parameters unrelated to other formulas. Exotic expressions involving…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Leonid A. Levin

Outliers widely occur in big-data applications and may severely affect statistical estimation and inference. In this paper, a framework of outlier-resistant estimation is introduced to robustify an arbitrarily given loss function. It has a…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-20 Yiyuan She , Zhifeng Wang , Jiahui Shen

Measurement incompatibility is one of the basic aspects of quantum theory. Here we study the structure of the set of compatible -- i.e. jointly measurable -- measurements. We are interested in whether or not there exist compatible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Paul Skrzypczyk , Matty J. Hoban , Ana Belén Sainz , Noah Linden

Continuity of measure asserts that the measure of the union of an increasing sequence of sets is equal to the supremum of the measures of those sets. We provide counter examples in the case of uncountable unions. We construct the first…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Simranjeet Bilkhu , Noah Mills Forman

This essay looks at decision-making with interval-valued probability measures. Existing decision methods have either supplemented expected utility methods with additional criteria of optimality, or have attempted to supplement the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Ronald P. Loui

Early results by Borel and Cantelli and Erd\H{o}s and Chung have provided bounds for the measure of a limsup set in terms of measures of its constituent sets and their intersections. Recent work by Beresnevich and Velani \cite{Velanipaper}…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Charlie Wilson

We study spectral theory for bounded Borel subsets of $\br$ and in particular finite unions of intervals. For Hilbert space, we take $L^2$ of the union of the intervals. This yields a boundary value problem arising from the minimal operator…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-11-06 Dorin Ervin Dutkay , Palle E. T. Jorgensen

Pnueli first noticed that certain simple 'counting' properties appear to be inexpressible in popular timed temporal logics such as Metric Interval Temporal Logic (MITL). This interesting observation has since been studied extensively,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Hsi-Ming Ho , Khushraj Madnani

Measurement incompatibility is one of the cornerstones of quantum theory. This phenomenon appears in many forms, of which the concept of non-joint measurability has received considerable attention in the recent years. In order to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-05 Juha-Pekka Pellonpää , Sébastien Designolle , Roope Uola

The paper presents a construction of a quantitative measure of variability for parameter estimates in the data fitting problem under interval uncertainty. It shows the degree of variability and ambiguity of the estimate, and the need for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-12 Sergey P. Shary

A result of Nymann is extended to show that a positive $\sigma$-finite measure with range an interval is determined by its level sets. An example is given of two finite positive measures with range the same finite union of intervals but…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Dale E. Alspach

We study the universal closest refinement problem on measurable bipartite relations over standard Borel spaces. Given prescribed side measures, the feasible class consists of finite refinement plans concentrated on the relation and carrying…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-14 T-H. Hubert Chan

We describe a numerical technique to compute the equilibrium measure, in logarithmic potential theory, living on the attractor of Iterated Function Systems composed of one-dimensional affine maps. This measure is obtained as the limit of a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-11-20 Giorgio Mantica

We introduce a pregeometry that provides a metric and dimensionality over a Borel set (Wheeler's "bucket of dust") without assuming probability amplitudes for adjacency. Rather, a non-trivial metric is produced over a Borel set X per a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 W. M. Stuckey

This work considers special types of interval linear systems - overdetermined systems. Simply said these systems have more equations than variables. The solution set of an interval linear system is a collection of all solutions of all…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2013-04-18 Jaroslav Horáček , Milan Hladík

We extend the study of \emph{melonic} quartic tensor models to models with arbitrary quartic interactions. This extension requires a new version of the loop vertex expansion using several species of intermediate fields and iterated…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-26 Thibault Delepouve , Razvan Gurau , Vincent Rivasseau

Recent work of the author established dual representation theorems for certain vector spaces that arise in an important article of Allcock and Vaaler. These results constructed an object called a consistent map which acts like a measure on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Charles L. Samuels

How well can multiple incompatible observables be implemented by a single measurement? This is a fundamental problem in quantum mechanics with wide implications for the performance optimization of numerous tasks in quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Hongzhen Chen , Lingna Wang , Haidong Yuan

The theme here is category-measure duality, in the context of a topological group. One can often handle the (Baire) category case and the (Lebesgue, or Haar) measure cases together, by working bi-topologically: switching between the…

General Topology · Mathematics 2017-11-09 N. H. Bingham , A. J. Ostaszewski