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Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in the field of image generation due to their outstanding capabilities. However, these models require substantial computing resources because of the multi-step denoising process during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Haowei Zhu , Dehua Tang , Ji Liu , Mingjie Lu , Jintu Zheng , Jinzhang Peng , Dong Li , Yu Wang , Fan Jiang , Lu Tian , Spandan Tiwari , Ashish Sirasao , Jun-Hai Yong , Bin Wang , Emad Barsoum

In a convergence of machine learning and biology, we reveal that diffusion models are evolutionary algorithms. By considering evolution as a denoising process and reversed evolution as diffusion, we mathematically demonstrate that diffusion…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yanbo Zhang , Benedikt Hartl , Hananel Hazan , Michael Levin

Optical neural networks are emerging as powerful machine learning and information processing tools because of their potential advantages in speed and energy efficiency. The training methods of these physical models, however, remain…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-11 Xudong Lv , Yuxiang Sun , Shuo Wang , Nanxing Chen , Jun Guan , Jingtian Hu

Diffusion models that are based on iterative denoising have been recently proposed and leveraged in various generation tasks like image generation. Whereas, as a way inherently built for continuous data, existing diffusion models still have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jiaao Chen , Aston Zhang , Mu Li , Alex Smola , Diyi Yang

Diffusion models recently proved to be remarkable priors for Bayesian inverse problems. However, training these models typically requires access to large amounts of clean data, which could prove difficult in some settings. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 François Rozet , Gérôme Andry , François Lanusse , Gilles Louppe

Text-to-image diffusion models deliver high-quality images, yet aligning them with human preferences remains challenging. We revisit diffusion-based Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) for these models and identify a critical pathology:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Minghao Fu , Guo-Hua Wang , Tianyu Cui , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang

Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of directly aligning diffusion models with human preferences using differentiable reward. However, they exhibit two primary challenges: (1) they rely on multistep denoising with gradient…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Xiangwei Shen , Zhimin Li , Zhantao Yang , Shiyi Zhang , Yingfang Zhang , Donghao Li , Chunyu Wang , Qinglin Lu , Yansong Tang

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable success in various visual generation tasks, including image, video, and 3D content generation. Preference optimization (PO) is a prominent and growing area of research that aims to align these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Fu-Yun Wang , Keqiang Sun , Yao Teng , Xihui Liu , Jiale Yuan , Jiaming Song , Hongsheng Li

Diffusion-based models are recognized for their effectiveness in using real-world driving data to generate realistic and diverse traffic scenarios. These models employ guided sampling to incorporate specific traffic preferences and enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Seungjun Yu , Kisung Kim , Daejung Kim , Haewook Han , Jinhan Lee

Point-based interactive editing serves as an essential tool to complement the controllability of existing generative models. A concurrent work, DragDiffusion, updates the diffusion latent map in response to user inputs, causing global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Haofeng Liu , Chenshu Xu , Yifei Yang , Lihua Zeng , Shengfeng He

Achieving precise, versatile whole-body character control in physics-based animation remains challenging. Recent diffusion-based policies generate rich and expressive motions but typically rely on gradient-based test-time guidance to…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Chia-Wen Chen , Yan Wu , Korrawe Karunratanakul , Siyu Tang

Randomized smoothing is a well-established method for achieving certified robustness against l2-adversarial perturbations. By incorporating a denoiser before the base classifier, pretrained classifiers can be seamlessly integrated into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ali Hedayatnia , Mostafa Tavassolipour , Babak Nadjar Araabi , Abdol-Hossein Vahabie

Event cameras are emerging vision sensors whose noise is challenging to characterize. Existing denoising methods for event cameras are often designed in isolation and thus consider other tasks, such as motion estimation, separately (i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Shintaro Shiba , Yoshimitsu Aoki , Guillermo Gallego

Neural Network Potentials (NNPs) have emerged as a powerful tool for modelling atomic interactions with high accuracy and computational efficiency. Recently, denoising diffusion models have shown promise in NNPs by training networks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Liam Harcombe , Timothy T. Duignan

Leveraging the visual priors of pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models offers a promising solution to enhance zero-shot generalization in dense prediction tasks. However, existing methods often uncritically use the original diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jing He , Haodong Li , Wei Yin , Yixun Liang , Leheng Li , Kaiqiang Zhou , Hongbo Zhang , Bingbing Liu , Ying-Cong Chen

Diffusion Models (DMs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in content generation without requiring adversarial training. These models are trained using a two-step process. First, a forward - diffusion - process gradually adds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Anwaar Ulhaq , Naveed Akhtar

Moving object detection (MOD) in remote sensing is significantly challenged by low resolution, extremely small object sizes, and complex noise interference. Current deep learning-based MOD methods rely on probability density estimation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jinyue Zhang , Xiangrong Zhang , Zhongjian Huang , Tianyang Zhang , Yifei Jiang , Licheng Jiao

We propose RoHM, an approach for robust 3D human motion reconstruction from monocular RGB(-D) videos in the presence of noise and occlusions. Most previous approaches either train neural networks to directly regress motion in 3D or learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Siwei Zhang , Bharat Lal Bhatnagar , Yuanlu Xu , Alexander Winkler , Petr Kadlecek , Siyu Tang , Federica Bogo

In order to improve the quality of synthesized videos, currently, one predominant method involves retraining an expert diffusion model and then implementing a noising-denoising process for refinement. Despite the significant training costs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Qinyu Yang , Haoxin Chen , Yong Zhang , Menghan Xia , Xiaodong Cun , Zhixun Su , Ying Shan

Diffusion models have seen rapid adoption in robotic imitation learning, enabling autonomous execution of complex dexterous tasks. However, action synthesis is often slow, requiring many steps of iterative denoising, limiting the extent to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Sigmund H. Høeg , Yilun Du , Olav Egeland