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Convection initiation (CI) nowcasting remains a challenging problem for both numerical weather prediction models and existing nowcasting algorithms. In this study, object-based probabilistic deep learning models are developed to predict CI…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Da Fan , Steven J. Greybush , David John Gagne , Eugene E. Clothiaux

Weather forecasts are fundamentally uncertain, so predicting the range of probable weather scenarios is crucial for important decisions, from warning the public about hazardous weather, to planning renewable energy use. Here, we introduce…

Probabilistic forecasting is crucial for real-world spatiotemporal systems, such as climate, energy, and urban environments, where quantifying uncertainty is essential for informed, risk-aware decision-making. While diffusion models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhi Sheng , Yuan Yuan , Yudi Zhang , Jingtao Ding , Yong Li

For short-term solar irradiance forecasting, the traditional point forecasting methods are rendered less useful due to the non-stationary characteristic of solar power. The amount of operating reserves required to maintain reliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Sakshi Mishra , Praveen Palanisamy

Renewable Energies (RES) penetration is progressing rapidly: in France, the installed capacity of photovoltaic (PV) power rose from 26MW in 2007 to 8GW in 2017 [1]. Power generated by PV plants being highly dependent on variable weather…

Applications · Statistics 2019-10-15 Kevin Bellinguer , Robin Girard , Guillaume Bontron , Georges Kariniotakis

The operation and planning of large-scale power systems are becoming more challenging with the increasing penetration of stochastic renewable generation. In order to minimize the decision risks in power systems with large amount of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-14 Congmei Jiang , Yize Chen , Yongfang Mao , Yi Chai , Mingbiao Yu

Renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, are increasingly being integrated into smart grid systems. However, when compared to traditional energy resources, the unpredictability of renewable energy generation poses significant…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-01 Arman Ghasemi , Amin Shojaeighadikolaei , Morteza Hashemi

The recent revolution in data-driven methods for weather forecasting has lead to a fragmented landscape of complex, bespoke architectures and training strategies, obscuring the fundamental drivers of forecast accuracy. Here, we demonstrate…

Diffusion models offer a physically grounded framework for probabilistic weather forecasting, but their typical reliance on slow, iterative solvers during inference makes them impractical for subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) applications where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jason Stock , Troy Arcomano , Rao Kotamarthi

Accurate forecasting of spatiotemporal data remains challenging due to complex spatial dependencies and temporal dynamics. The inherent uncertainty and variability in such data often render deterministic models insufficient, prompting a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Mingze Gong , Lei Chen , Jia Li

We introduce a novel deep learning approach that harnesses the power of generative artificial intelligence to enhance the accuracy of contextual forecasting in sewerage systems. By developing a diffusion-based model that processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Nicholas A. Pearson , Francesca Cairoli , Luca Bortolussi , Davide Russo , Francesca Zanello

Deep learning models have achieved remarkable progress in precipitation prediction. However, they still face significant challenges in accurately capturing spatial details of radar images, particularly in regions of high precipitation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Li Chaorong , Ling Xudong , Yang Qiang , Qin Fengqing , Huang Yuanyuan

Renewable resources are strongly dependent on local and large-scale weather situations. Skillful subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) forecasts -- beyond two weeks and up to two months -- can offer significant socioeconomic advantages to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Maximilian Springenberg , Noelia Otero , Yuxin Xue , Jackie Ma

Generation and load balance is required in the economic scheduling of generating units in the smart grid. Variable energy generations, particularly from wind and solar energy resources, are witnessing a rapid boost, and, it is anticipated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Mohamed Abuella , Badrul Chowdhury

High-resolution precipitation forecasts are crucial for providing accurate weather prediction and supporting effective responses to extreme weather events. Traditional numerical models struggle with stochastic subgrid-scale processes, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shuangshuang He , Hongli Liang , Yuanting Zhang , Xingyuan Yuan

Accurate and timely weather forecasts are critical for high-impact decisions in modern society. Machine-learning-based weather prediction is emerging as an alternative for producing initial conditions, forecasts, and even both in end-to-end…

The planning and operation of renewable energy, especially wind power, depend crucially on accurate, timely, and high-resolution weather information. Coarse-grid global numerical weather forecasts are typically downscaled to meet these…

Cloud cover plays a critical role in weather prediction and impacts several sectors, including agriculture, solar power generation, and aviation. Despite advancements in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, forecasting total cloud…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Mikko Partio , Leila Hieta , Anniina Kokkonen

Amongst all the renewable energy resources (RES), solar is the most popular form of energy source and is of particular interest for its widely integration into the power grid. However, due to the intermittent nature of solar source, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Ekanki Sharma , Wilfried Elmenreich

In this paper, we propose a novel conditional diffusion-based framework for multivariable time-series solar power forecasting. The proposed method reformulates temporal PV data as structured two-dimensional representations (images) using a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kourosh Kiani , S. M. Muyeen