Related papers: Direct observation of a magnetic field-induced Wig…
When the Coulomb repulsion between electrons dominates over their kinetic energy, electrons in two dimensional systems were predicted to spontaneously break continuous translation symmetry and form a quantum crystal. Efforts to observe this…
The competition between Coulomb repulsion and kinetic energy in correlated systems can allow electrons to crystallize into Wigner solids. Despite researches across diverse two-dimensional Wigner platforms, the microscopic melting processes…
When the kinetic energy of a collection of interacting two-dimensional (2D) electrons is quenched at very high magnetic fields so that the Coulomb repulsion dominates, the electrons are expected to condense into an ordered array, forming a…
At very low density, the electrons in a uniform electron gas spontaneously break symmetry and form a crystalline lattice called a Wigner crystal. But which type of crystal will the electrons form? We report a numerical study of the density…
A Wigner crystal, a regular electron lattice arising from strong correlation effects, is one of the earliest predicted collective electronic states. This many-body state exhibits quantum and classical phase transitions and has been proposed…
We study the ground state of a system of spinless electrons interacting through a screened Coulomb potential in a lattice ring. By using analytical arguments, we show that, when the effective interaction compares with the kinetic energy,…
Wigner crystals are predicted as the crystallization of the dilute electron gas moving in a uniform background when the electron-electron Coulomb energy dominates the kinetic energy. The Wigner crystal has previously been observed in the…
When the Coulomb interaction dominates over kinetic energy, electrons can crystallize into a Wigner crystal (WC). This paradigmatic correlated electronic phase has been realized in two-dimensional electron gases with parabolic band…
One of the most fundamental and yet elusive collective phases of an interacting electron system is the quantum Wigner crystal (WC), an ordered array of electrons expected to form when the electrons' Coulomb repulsion energy eclipses their…
One of the most fascinating ground states of an interacting electron system is the so-called Wigner crystal where the electrons, in order to minimize their repulsive Coulomb energy, form an ordered array. Here we report measurements of the…
In Bernal bilayer graphene (BBG), a perpendicular displacement field flattens the bottom of the conduction band and thereby facilitates the formation of strongly-correlated electron states at low electron density. Here, we focus on the…
The ground state energy and the lowest excitations of a two dimensional Wigner crystal in a perpendicular magnetic field with one and two electrons per cell is investigated. In case of two electrons per lattice site, the interaction of the…
When two-dimensional electrons are subjected to a very strong magnetic field, they are believed to form a triangular Wigner crystal. We demonstrate that, in the entire crystal phase, this crystal is very well represented by a…
The quantum crystal of electrons, predicted more than eighty years ago by Eugene Wigner, is still one of the most elusive states of matter. Here, we present experiments that observe the one-dimensional Wigner crystal directly, by imaging…
Low-disorder two-dimensional electron systems in the presence of a strong, perpendicular magnetic field terminate at very small Landau level filling factors in a Wigner crystal (WC), where the electrons form an ordered array to minimize the…
It is known that a gas of electrons in a uniform neutralizing background can crystallize and form a lattice if the electron density is less than a critical value. This crystallization may have two- or three-dimensional structure. Since the…
The Wigner crystal, an ordered array of electrons, is one of the very first proposed many-body phases stabilized by the electron-electron interaction. This electron solid phase has been reported in ultra-clean two-dimensional electron…
Wigner crystals (WC) are electronic phases peculiar to low-density systems, particularly in the uniform electron gas. Since its introduction in the early twentieth century, this model has remained essential to many aspects of electronic…
Wigner crystal, as the most fundamental exemplification where the many-body interaction forges the electrons into a solid, experiences an intriguing quantum melting where diverse intermediate phases are predicted to emerge near the quantum…
Electron-electron interactions strongly affect the behavior of low-dimensional systems. In one dimension (1D), arbitrarily weak interactions qualitatively alter the ground state producing a Luttinger liquid (LL) which has now been observed…