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Language models (LMs) and their extension, vision-language models (VLMs), have achieved remarkable performance across various tasks. However, they still struggle with complex reasoning tasks that require multimodal or multilingual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Wenyi Wu , Zixuan Song , Kun Zhou , Yifei Shao , Zhiting Hu , Biwei Huang

Large Language Model (LLM) has transformative potential in various domains, including recommender systems (RS). There have been a handful of research that focuses on empowering the RS by LLM. However, previous efforts mainly focus on LLM as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Qidong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yuhao Wang , Yejing Wang , Zijian Zhang , Yuqi Sun , Xiang Li , Maolin Wang , Pengyue Jia , Chong Chen , Wei Huang , Feng Tian

Specializing large language models (LLMs) for local deployment in domain-specific use cases is necessary for strong performance while meeting latency and privacy constraints. However, conventional task-specific adaptation approaches do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Lanxiang Hu , Tajana Rosing , Hao Zhang

The inference of Large language models (LLMs) requires immense computation and memory resources. To curtail these costs, quantisation has merged as a promising solution, but existing LLM quantisation mainly focuses on 8-bit. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Cheng Zhang , Jianyi Cheng , Ilia Shumailov , George A. Constantinides , Yiren Zhao

The introduction of ChatGPT has led to a significant increase in the utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs) for addressing downstream tasks. There's an increasing focus on cost-efficient training and deployment within this context.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements in reasoning capabilities. However, they still face challenges such as high computational demands and privacy concerns. This paper…

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) enable breakthroughs in reasoning and parallel decoding but suffer from prohibitive quadratic computational complexity and memory overhead during inference. Current caching techniques accelerate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Yuerong Song , Xiaoran Liu , Ruixiao Li , Zhigeng Liu , Zengfeng Huang , Qipeng Guo , Ziwei He , Xipeng Qiu

The rapid advancement toward sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks has significantly intensified the complexity and scale of optimization problems, including resource allocation and trajectory design, often formulated as combinatorial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Bisheng Wei , Ruihong Jiang , Ruichen Zhang , Yinqiu Liu , Dusit Niyato , Yaohua Sun , Yang Lu , Yonghui Li , Shiwen Mao , Chau Yuen , Marco Di Renzo , Mugen Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a landmark achievement in Artificial Intelligence (AI), demonstrating unprecedented proficiency in procedural tasks such as text generation, code completion, and conversational coherence. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Schaun Wheeler , Olivier Jeunen

LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amrit Khera , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

Computing systems are consuming an increasing and unsustainable fraction of society's energy footprint, notably in data centers. Meanwhile, energy-efficient software engineering techniques are often absent from undergraduate curricula. We…

We present Prompt Cache, an approach for accelerating inference for large language models (LLM) by reusing attention states across different LLM prompts. Many input prompts have overlapping text segments, such as system messages, prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 In Gim , Guojun Chen , Seung-seob Lee , Nikhil Sarda , Anurag Khandelwal , Lin Zhong

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance in generative tasks but also introduce significant challenges in real-world serving due to inefficient use of the expensive, computation-optimized accelerators.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shaoyuan Chen , Wencong Xiao , Yutong Lin , Mingxing Zhang , Yingdi Shan , Jinlei Jiang , Kang Chen , Yongwei Wu

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as summarization, question answering, and translation. However, LLMs pose significant security risks due to their tendency to memorize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhepeng Wang , Runxue Bao , Yawen Wu , Jackson Taylor , Cao Xiao , Feng Zheng , Weiwen Jiang , Shangqian Gao , Yanfu Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced artificial intelligence by optimizing traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) workflows, facilitating their integration into various systems. Many such NLP systems, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jiliang Ni , Jiachen Pu , Zhongyi Yang , Kun Zhou , Hui Wang , Xiaoliang Xiao , Dakui Wang , Xin Li , Jingfeng Luo , Conggang Hu

Large language models (LLMs) predominantly employ decoder-only transformer architectures, necessitating the retention of keys/values information for historical tokens to provide contextual information and avoid redundant computation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jianhui Pang , Fanghua Ye , Derek Fai Wong , Xin He , Wanshun Chen , Longyue Wang

The demand for efficient large language model (LLM) inference has propelled the development of dedicated accelerators. As accelerators are vulnerable to hardware faults due to aging, variation, etc, existing accelerator designs often…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Tong Xie , Jiawang Zhao , Zishen Wan , Zuodong Zhang , Yuan Wang , Runsheng Wang , Ru Huang , Meng Li

Withtherapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), the context length for inference has been continuously increasing, leading to an exponential growth in the demand for Key-Value (KV) caching. This has resulted in a significant…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yanyu Liu , Jingying Fu , Sixiang Liu , Yitian Zou , You Fu , Jiehan Zhou , Shouhua Zhang

As they become more capable, large language models (LLMs) have continued to rapidly increase in size. This has exacerbated the difficulty in running state of the art LLMs on small, edge devices. Standard techniques advocate solving this…

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) in real-world applications presents significant challenges, particularly in balancing computational efficiency with model performance. Optimizing acceleration after fine-tuning and during inference is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Sajjad Kachuee , Mohammad Sharifkhani