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Current language models often fail to incorporate long contexts efficiently during generation. We show that a major contributor to this issue are attention priors that are likely learned during pre-training: relevant information located…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Alexander Peysakhovich , Adam Lerer

Transformers are state-of-the-art models for a variety of sequence modeling tasks. At their core is an attention function which models pairwise interactions between the inputs at every timestep. While attention is powerful, it does not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Hao Peng , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith , Lingpeng Kong

The self-attention mechanism is the key to the success of transformers in recent Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the quadratic computational cost $O(n^2)$ in the input sequence length $n$ is a notorious obstacle for further…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Yingyu Liang , Heshan Liu , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Zhuoyan Xu , Junze Yin

An ideal length-extrapolatable Transformer language model can handle sequences longer than the training length without any fine-tuning. Such long-context utilization capability relies heavily on a flexible positional embedding design. Upon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Ta-Chung Chi , Ting-Han Fan , Alexander I. Rudnicky

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a significant increase in automated tools in the software engineering, capable of performing various code-related tasks such as code generation, completion, and translation.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Madhusudan Ghosh , Rishabh Gupta

Transformers are unable to model long-term memories effectively, since the amount of computation they need to perform grows with the context length. While variations of efficient transformers have been proposed, they all have a finite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Pedro Henrique Martins , Zita Marinho , André F. T. Martins

Long-context capability and computational efficiency are among the central challenges facing today's large language models. Existing efficient attention methods reduce computational complexity, but they typically suffer from a limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yunao Zheng , Xiaojie Wang , Lei Ren , Wei Chen

This paper introduces a novel approach to enhance the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in processing and understanding extensive text sequences, a critical aspect in applications requiring deep comprehension and synthesis of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Kaiqiang Song , Xiaoyang Wang , Sangwoo Cho , Xiaoman Pan , Dong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered widespread attention due to their remarkable performance across various tasks. However, to mitigate the issue of hallucinations, LLMs often incorporate retrieval-augmented pipeline to provide them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Haowen Hou , Fei Ma , Binwen Bai , Xinxin Zhu , Fei Yu

Long-context video understanding and generation pose a significant computational challenge for Transformer-based video models due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention. While existing sparse attention methods employ coarse-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Anmin Liu , Ruixuan Yang , Huiqiang Jiang , Bin Lin , Minmin Sun , Yong Li , Chen Zhang , Tao Xie

Inspired by the tremendous success of the self-attention mechanism in natural language processing, the Vision Transformer (ViT) creatively applies it to image patch sequences and achieves incredible performance. However, the scaled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Yanhong Fei , Yingjie Liu , Xian Wei , Mingsong Chen

Recent work has shown that attention-based language models excel at recall, the ability to ground generations in tokens previously seen in context. However, the efficiency of attention-based models is bottle-necked during inference by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Simran Arora , Sabri Eyuboglu , Michael Zhang , Aman Timalsina , Silas Alberti , Dylan Zinsley , James Zou , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

In the framework of learned image compression, the context model plays a pivotal role in capturing the dependencies among latent representations. To reduce the decoding time resulting from the serial autoregressive context model, the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-01 Yang Sui , Ding Ding , Xiang Pan , Xiaozhong Xu , Shan Liu , Bo Yuan , Zhenzhong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in natural language processing and generation, yet their ability to handle long-context input remains constrained by the quadratic complexity of attention computation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Manlai Liang , Wanyi Huang , Mandi Liu , Huaijun Li , Jinlong Li

Transformer-based Language Models' computation and memory overhead increase quadratically as a function of sequence length. The quadratic cost poses challenges when employing LLMs for processing long sequences. In this work, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Kiarash Zahirnia , Zahra Golpayegani , Walid Ahmed , Yang Liu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) can now process extremely long contexts, efficient inference over these extended inputs has become increasingly important, especially for emerging applications like LLM agents that highly depend on this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Penghui Yang , Cunxiao Du , Fengzhuo Zhang , Haonan Wang , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Bo An

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance in generative tasks but also introduce significant challenges in real-world serving due to inefficient use of the expensive, computation-optimized accelerators.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shaoyuan Chen , Wencong Xiao , Yutong Lin , Mingxing Zhang , Yingdi Shan , Jinlei Jiang , Kang Chen , Yongwei Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, but their ability to process long sequences is fundamentally limited by the context window size during training. Existing length extrapolation methods often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Nitin Vetcha

Large language models have shown remarkable performance across a wide range of language tasks, owing to their exceptional capabilities in context modeling. The most commonly used method of context modeling is full self-attention, as seen in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Zhisong Zhang , Yan Wang , Xinting Huang , Tianqing Fang , Hongming Zhang , Chenlong Deng , Shuaiyi Li , Dong Yu

In modern large language models (LLMs), increasing the context length is crucial for improving comprehension and coherence in long-context, multi-modal, and retrieval-augmented language generation. While many recent transformer models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Heejun Lee , Geon Park , Youngwan Lee , Jaduk Suh , Jina Kim , Wonyoung Jeong , Bumsik Kim , Hyemin Lee , Myeongjae Jeon , Sung Ju Hwang