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This paper analytically characterizes optimal sensor placements for target localization and tracking in 2D and 3D. Three types of sensors are considered: bearing-only, range-only, and received-signal-strength. The optimal placement problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-05-16 Shiyu Zhao , Ben M. Chen , Tong H. Lee

Three-dimensional ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) enables comprehensive visualization of the vasculature, thereby improving diagnostic reliability. Nevertheless, its clinical translation remains challenging, as the exponential…

LiDAR-based localization and mapping is one of the core components in many modern robotic systems due to the direct integration of range and geometry, allowing for precise motion estimation and generation of high quality maps in real-time.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Julian Nubert , Etienne Walther , Shehryar Khattak , Marco Hutter

3D-localization of gamma sources has the potential to improve the outcome of radio-guided surgery. The goal of this paper is to analyze the localization accuracy for point-like sources with a single coded aperture camera. We both simulated…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-06-24 Tobias Meißner , Laura Antonia Cerbone , Paolo Russo , Werner Nahm , Jürgen Hesser

We consider the problem of signal estimation in a generalized linear model (GLM). GLMs include many canonical problems in statistical estimation, such as linear regression, phase retrieval, and 1-bit compressed sensing. Recent work has…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Pablo Pascual Cobo , Kuan Hsieh , Ramji Venkataramanan

The method of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a widely used statistical approach for estimating the values of one or more unknown parameters of a probabilistic model based on observed data. In this tutorial, I briefly review the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-12-03 Anthony Vella

Finding the mode of a high dimensional probability distribution $D$ is a fundamental algorithmic problem in statistics and data analysis. There has been particular interest in efficient methods for solving the problem when $D$ is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Xinyu Luo , Christopher Musco , Cas Widdershoven

In this paper we propose local approximation spaces for localized model order reduction procedures such as domain decomposition and multiscale methods. Those spaces are constructed from local solutions of the partial differential equation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-07-31 Andreas Buhr , Kathrin Smetana

We consider distributed estimation of the inverse covariance matrix, also called the concentration or precision matrix, in Gaussian graphical models. Traditional centralized estimation often requires global inference of the covariance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-15 Zhaoshi Meng , Dennis Wei , Ami Wiesel , Alfred O. Hero

Monte Carlo maximum likelihood (MCML) provides an elegant approach to find maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) for latent variable models. However, MCML algorithms are computationally expensive when the latent variables are…

Computation · Statistics 2020-08-05 Jaewoo Park , Murali Haran

The rich structure of transverse spatial modes of structured light has facilitated their extensive applications in quantum information and optical communication. The Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes, which carry a well-defined orbital angular…

With the emergence of the field of quantum communications, the appropriate choice of photonic degrees of freedom used for encoding information is of paramount importance. Highly precise techniques for measuring the polarisation, frequency,…

This paper proposes a novel exact maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method for general Gaussian processes, where all parameters are estimated jointly. The exact ML estimator (MLE) is consistent and asymptotically normally distributed. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Tetsuya Takabatake , Jun Yu , Chen Zhang

We consider three-dimensional (3D) localization and imaging of space debris from only one two-dimensional (2D) snapshot image. The technique involves an optical imager that exploits off-center image rotation to encode both the lateral and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-05 Chao Wang , Raymond H. Chan , Robert J. Plemmons , Sudhakar Prasad

Spatial-mode projective measurements could achieve super-resolution in remote sensing and imaging, yet their performance is usually sensitive to the parameters of the target scenes. We propose and demonstrate a robust classifier of close-by…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-05 Ishan Darji , Santosh Kumar , Yu-Ping Huang

The location of a robot is a key aspect in the field of mobile robotics. This problem is particularly complex when the initial pose of the robot is unknown. In order to find a solution, it is necessary to perform a global localization. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Míriam Máximo , Antonio Santo , Arturo Gil , Mónica Ballesta , David Valiente

The reliability of driving perception systems under unprecedented conditions is crucial for practical usage. Latest advancements have prompted increasing interest in multi-LiDAR perception. However, prevailing driving datasets predominantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ye Li , Lingdong Kong , Hanjiang Hu , Xiaohao Xu , Xiaonan Huang

This paper presents a new finite difference algorithm for solving the 2D one-way wave equation with a preliminary approximation of a pseudo-differential operator by a system of partial differential equations. As opposed to the existing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-03-02 Andrew V. Terekhov

Domain adaptation for Cross-LiDAR 3D detection is challenging due to the large gap on the raw data representation with disparate point densities and point arrangements. By exploring domain-invariant 3D geometric characteristics and motion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Xidong Peng , Xinge Zhu , Yuexin Ma

This paper addresses the distributed localization problem for a network of sensors placed in a three-dimensional space, in which sensors are able to perform range measurements, i.e., measure the relative distance between them, and exchange…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Jinze Wu , Lorenzo Zino , Zhiyun Lin , Alessandro Rizzo