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Although the expansion of the Universe explicitly breaks the time-translation symmetry, cosmological predictions for the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) are usually derived under the so-called stationary hypothesis. By…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-26 Disrael Camargo Neves da Cunha , Christophe Ringeval

We present a catalog of gravitational wave background (GWB) signal templates from cosmic-string networks, based on relevant models proposed in the literature. We classify templates as conventional, based on standard cosmology and Nambu-Goto…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-08 Androniki Dimitriou , Daniel G. Figueroa , Peera Simakachorn , Bryan Zaldivar

We investigate the sensitivity and performance of space-based Optical Lattice Clocks (OLCs) in detecting gravitational waves, in particular the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) at low frequencies $(10^{-4}, 1) \rm Hz$, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-25 Bo Wang , Bichu Li , Qianqian Xiao , Geyu Mo , Yi-Fu Cai

We examine which information on the early cosmological history can be extracted from the potential measurement by third-generation gravitational-wave observatories of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) produced by cosmic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-07-22 Yann Gouttenoire , Géraldine Servant , Peera Simakachorn

In the milli-Hertz frequency band, stochastic gravitational-wave background can be composed of both astronomical and cosmological sources, both can be anisotropic. Numerically depicting these anisotropies can be critical in revealing the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-18 Zhi-Yuan Li , Zheng-Cheng Liang , En-Kun Li , Jian-dong Zhang , Yi-Ming Hu

By listening to gravity in the low frequency band, between 0.1 mHz and 1 Hz, the future space-based gravitational-wave observatory LISA will be able to detect tens of thousands of astrophysical sources from cosmic dawn to the present. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-24 Quentin Baghi , Ira Thorpe , Jacob Slutsky , John Baker , Tito Dal Canton , Natalia Korsakova , Nikos Karnesis

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) aims to observe gravitational waves in the mHz regime over its 10-year mission time. LISA will operate laser interferometers between three spacecrafts. Each spacecraft will utilize independent…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-03 Kohei Yamamoto , Christoph Vorndamme , Olaf Hartwig , Martin Staab , Thomas S. Schwarze , Gerhard Heinzel

Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) observations of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) will provide long duration inspiral signals with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data, ideal for testing general relativity (GR) in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-12 Manuel Piarulli , Sylvain Marsat , Elise M. Sänger , Alessandra Buonanno , Jan Steinhoff , Nicola Tamanini

One of the guaranteed features of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is the presence of Doppler anisotropies induced by the motion of the detector with respect to the rest frame of the SGWB source. We point out that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Giulia Cusin , Gianmassimo Tasinato

In previous work [1], three TAIJI orbital deployments have been proposed to compose alternative LISA-TAIJI networks, TAIJIm (leading the Earth by $20^\circ$ and $-60^\circ$ inclined with respect to ecliptic plane), TAIJIp (leading the Earth…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-09 Gang Wang , Wen-Biao Han

Recent PTA analyses reporting evidence for a nanohertz common-spectrum process motivate targeted tests of whether any anisotropic component of the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) is correlated with the nearby large-scale…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Yun Fang

LISA and Taiji are expected to form a space-based gravitational-wave (GW) detection network in the future. In this work, we make a forecast for the cosmological parameter estimation with the standard siren observation from the LISA-Taiji…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-12 Ling-Feng Wang , Shang-Jie Jin , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Pulsar-timing arrays (PTAs) are in the near future expected to detect a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) produced by a population of inspiralling super-massive black hole binaries. In this work, we consider a background that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Marc Kamionkowski

Anisotropies in the nanohertz gravitational-wave background are a compelling next target for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). Measurements or informative upper limits to the anisotropies are expected in the near future and can offer important…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-26 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Marc Kamionkowski

An important next step for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) is to measure anisotropies in the gravitational wave background (GWB) at $\sim$ nano-Hz frequencies. We calculate the expected GWB anisotropies using empirically calibrated models for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-20 Meng-Xiang Lin , Adam Lidz , Chung-Pei Ma

In this work, we develop a Bayesian data analysis framework to study the SGWB from bosonic clouds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, building on previous work by Brito et.al (2017). We further improve this model by adding a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-29 Leo Tsukada , Thomas Callister , Andrew Matas , Patrick Meyers

The canonical methods for gravitational wave detection are ground- and space-based laser interferometry, pulsar timing, and polarization of the cosmic microwave background. But as has been suggested by numerous investigators, astrometry…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-25 Jeremy Darling , Alexandra E. Truebenbach , Jennie Paine

TianQin and LISA are space-based laser interferometer gravitational wave (GW) detectors planned to be launched in the mid-2030s. Both detectors will detect low-frequency GWs around $10^{-2}\,{\rm Hz}$, however, TianQin is more sensitive to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-04 Alejandro Torres-Orjuela , Shun-Jia Huang , Zheng-Cheng Liang , Shuai Liu , Hai-Tian Wang , Chang-Qing Ye , Yi-Ming Hu , Jianwei Mei

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is expected to detect thousands of individually resolved gravitational wave sources, overlapping in time and frequency, on top of unresolved astrophysical and/or primordial backgrounds.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-09 Rahul Srinivasan , Enrico Barausse , Natalia Korsakova , Roberto Trotta

In this article, which will appear as a chapter in the Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, we will describe the detection of gravitational waves with space-based interferometric gravitational wave observatories. We will provide an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-27 Jonathan R Gair , Martin Hewitson , Antoine Petiteau , Guido Mueller