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Conditional discrete generative models struggle to faithfully compose multiple input conditions. To address this, we derive a theoretically-grounded formulation for composing discrete probabilistic generative processes, with masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jamie Stirling , Noura Al-Moubayed , Chris G. Willcocks , Hubert P. H. Shum

Conditional discrete generative models struggle to faithfully compose multiple input conditions. To address this, we derive a theoretically-grounded formulation for composing discrete probabilistic generative processes, with masked…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jamie Stirling , Noura Al-Moubayed , Chris G. Willcocks , Hubert P. H. Shum

We introduce a framework for joint grounded scene graph - image generation, a challenging task involving high-dimensional, multi-modal structured data. To effectively model this complex joint distribution, we adopt a factorized approach:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Bicheng Xu , Qi Yan , Renjie Liao , Lele Wang , Leonid Sigal

We explore the methodology and theory of reward-directed generation via conditional diffusion models. Directed generation aims to generate samples with desired properties as measured by a reward function, which has broad applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Hui Yuan , Kaixuan Huang , Chengzhuo Ni , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

In dynamical systems characterized by separation of time scales, the approximation of so called ``slow manifolds'', on which the long term dynamics lie, is a useful step for model reduction. Initializing on such slow manifolds is a useful…

Accurate uncertainty quantification is crucial for making reliable decisions in various supervised learning scenarios, particularly when dealing with complex, multimodal data such as images and text. Current approaches often face notable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-30 Xinyu Tian , Xiaotong Shen

Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional numerical methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). PIML models are increasingly built via deep neural networks (NNs) whose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Carlos Mora , Amin Yousefpour , Shirin Hosseinmardi , Ramin Bostanabad

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) and other generative methods have garnered growing interest not just for their generative properties but also for the ability to dis-entangle a low-dimensional latent variable space. However, few existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Sunay Bhat , Jeffrey Jiang , Omead Pooladzandi , Gregory Pottie

Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are the bedrock for modern computational sciences and engineering, and inherently computationally expensive. While PDE foundation models have shown much promise for simulating such complex…

Diffusion models have been demonstrated as strong priors for solving general inverse problems. Most existing Diffusion model-based Inverse Problem Solvers (DIS) employ a plug-and-play approach to guide the sampling trajectory with either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Jiankun Zhao , Bowen Song , Liyue Shen

Preconditioning techniques are crucial for enhancing the efficiency of solving large-scale linear equation systems that arise from partial differential equation (PDE) discretization. These techniques, such as Incomplete Cholesky…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Rui Li , Song Wang , Chen Wang

Generative models (GMs) such as Generative Adversary Network (GAN) and Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) have thrived these years and achieved high quality results in generating new samples. Especially in Computer Vision, GMs have been used in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Honggang Zhou , Yunchun Li , Hailong Yang , Wei Li , Jie Jia

Score-based diffusion models are a powerful class of generative models, widely utilized across diverse domains. Despite significant advancements in large-scale tasks such as text-to-image generation, their application to constrained domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Saeid Naderiparizi , Xiaoxuan Liang , Setareh Cohan , Berend Zwartsenberg , Frank Wood

In scientific and engineering domains, modeling high-dimensional complex systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) remains challenging in terms of physical consistency and numerical stability. However, existing approaches,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Siqi Wang , Mengmeng Zhang , Yude Bu , Chaozhou Mou

Generative modeling has become a central paradigm in protein research, extending machine learning beyond structure prediction toward sequence design, backbone generation, inverse folding, and biomolecular interaction modeling. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Senura Hansaja Wanasekara , Minh-Duong Nguyen , Xiaochen Liu , Nguyen H. Tran , Ken-Tye Yong

Recent progress in image generation has sparked research into controlling these models through condition signals, with various methods addressing specific challenges in conditional generation. Instead of proposing another specialized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Xirui Li , Charles Herrmann , Kelvin C. K. Chan , Yinxiao Li , Deqing Sun , Chao Ma , Ming-Hsuan Yang

The great success of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) has significantly advanced our simulation and understanding of complex physical systems in science and engineering. However, many…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Hao Zhang , Longxiang Jiang , Xinkun Chu , Yong Wen , Luxiong Li , Yonghao Xiao , Liyuan Wang

Subject-driven generation is a critical task in creative AI; yet current state-of-the-art methods present a stark trade-off. They either rely on computationally expensive, per-subject fine-tuning, sacrificing efficiency and zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Ruixiao Dong , Zhendong Wang , Keli Liu , Li Li , Ying Chen , Kai Li , Daowen Li , Houqiang Li

Generative AI has achieved remarkable empirical success, but from the perspective of statistics it often remains opaque: its predictions may be accurate, yet the underlying mechanism is difficult to interpret, analyze, and trust. This book…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-11 Shinto Eguchi

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools with applications in computer vision and scientific machine learning (SciML), where they have been used to solve large-scale probabilistic inverse problems. Traditionally, these…