Related papers: Logit-based alternatives to two-stage least square…

Non-adherence to assigned treatment is common in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Recently, there has been an increased interest in estimating causal effects of treatment received, for example the so-called local average treatment…

Latent variable models have been widely applied in different fields of research in which the constructs of interest are not directly observable, so that one or more latent variables are required to reduce the complexity of the data. In…

In this paper, the problem of robust estimation and validation of location-scale families is revisited. The proposed methods exploit the joint asymptotic normality of sample quantiles (of i.i.d random variables) to construct the ordinary…

This study proposes an econometric framework to interpret and empirically decompose the difference between IV and OLS estimates given by a linear regression model when the true causal effects of the treatment are nonlinear in treatment…

This paper studies the challenging problem of estimating causal effects from observational data, in the presence of unobserved confounders. The two-stage least square (TSLS) method and its variants with a standard instrumental variable (IV)…

This paper proposes an estimator that relaxes the conventional relevance condition in instrumental variable (IV) analyses. The method allows endogenous covariates to be weakly correlated, uncorrelated, or even mean-independent -- though not…

Entropy-based inference methods have gained traction for improving the reliability of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, many existing approaches, such as entropy minimization techniques, suffer from high computational overhead and fail…

The autocovariance least squares (ALS) method is a computationally efficient approach for estimating noise covariances in Kalman filters without requiring specific noise models. However, conventional ALS and its variants rely on the classic…

In this paper, we analyze the asymptotic properties of the Two-Stage (TS) estimator -- a simulation-based parameter estimation method that constructs estimators offline from synthetic data. While TS offers significant computational…

The linear coefficient in a partially linear model with confounding variables can be estimated using double machine learning (DML). However, this DML estimator has a two-stage least squares (TSLS) interpretation and may produce overly wide…

We consider conditional estimation in two-stage sample size adjustable designs and the following bias. More specifically, we consider a design which permits raising the sample size when interim results look rather promising, and, which…

This paper studies estimation of causal effects in a panel data setting. We introduce a new estimator, the Triply RObust Panel (TROP) estimator, that combines (i) a flexible model for the potential outcomes based on a low-rank factor…

We present a new finite-time analysis of the estimation error of the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimator for stable linear time-invariant systems. We characterize the number of observed samples (the length of the observed trajectory)…

Wireless sensor network has recently received much attention due to its broad applicability and ease-of-installation. This paper is concerned with a distributed state estimation problem, where all sensor nodes are required to achieve a…

We introduce a new variational estimator for the intensity function of an inhomogeneous spatial point process with points in the $d$-dimensional Euclidean space and observed within a bounded region. The variational estimator applies in a…

It is important to estimate the local average treatment effect (LATE) when compliance with a treatment assignment is incomplete. The previously proposed methods for LATE estimation required all relevant variables to be jointly observed in a…

A non-Bayesian, regression-based or generalized least squares (GLS)-based approach is formally proposed to estimate a class of time-varying AR parameter models. This approach has partly been used by Ito et al. (2014, 2016a,b), and is proven…

We show that first-difference two-stages-least-squares regressions identify non-convex combinations of location-and-period-specific treatment effects. Thus, those regressions could be biased if effects are heterogeneous. We propose an…

Instead of minimizing the sum of all $n$ squared residuals as the classical least squares (LS) does, Rousseeuw (1984) proposed to minimize the sum of $h$ ($n/2 \leq h < n$) smallest squared residuals, the resulting estimator is called least…

The same intervention can produce different effects in different sites. Transport mediation estimators can estimate the extent to which such differences can be explained by differences in compositional factors and the mechanisms by which…