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In comparing clustering partitions, Rand index (RI) and Adjusted Rand index (ARI) are commonly used for measuring the agreement between the partitions. Both these external validation indexes aim to analyze how close is a cluster to a…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-03-17 Sonia Amodio , Antonio D'Ambrosio , Carmela Iorio , Roberta Siciliano

The Adjusted Rand Index ($ARI$) is arguably one of the most popular measures for cluster comparison. The adjustment of the $ARI$ is based on a hypergeometric distribution assumption which is unsatisfying from a modeling perspective as (i)…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-18 Martina Sundqvist , Julien Chiquet , Guillem Rigaill

The adjusted Rand index (ARI) is commonly used in cluster analysis to measure the degree of agreement between two data partitions. Since its introduction, exploring the situations of extreme agreement and disagreement under different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-10 José E. Chacón , Ana I. Rastrojo

We consider the simultaneous clustering of rows and columns of a matrix and more particularly the ability to measure the agreement between two co-clustering partitions. The new criterion we developed is based on the Adjusted Rand Index and…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-16 Valerie Robert , Yann Vasseur , Vincent Brault

Adjusted for chance measures are widely used to compare partitions/clusterings of the same data set. In particular, the Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) based on pair-counting, and the Adjusted Mutual Information (AMI) based on Shannon information…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-12-07 Simone Romano , Nguyen Xuan Vinh , James Bailey , Karin Verspoor

In a data matrix, we may distinguish between cases, each represented by a row vector for a statistical unit, and cells, which correspond to single entries of the data matrix. Recent developments in Robust Statistics have introduced the…

Fuzzy clustering, which allows an article to belong to multiple clusters with soft membership degrees, plays a vital role in analyzing publication data. This problem can be formulated as a constrained optimization model, where the goal is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-05 Vu Thi Huong , Ida Litzel , Thorsten Koch

Clustering is a central tool in biomedical research for discovering heterogeneous patient subpopulations, where group boundaries are often diffuse rather than sharply separated. Traditional methods produce hard partitions, whereas soft…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-07 Qiuyi Wu , Zihan Zhu , Anru R. Zhang

Clustering is at the very core of machine learning, and its applications proliferate with the increasing availability of data. However, as datasets grow, comparing clusterings with an adjustment for chance becomes computationally difficult,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Kai Klede , Leo Schwinn , Dario Zanca , Björn Eskofier

In some complicated datasets, due to the presence of noisy data points and outliers, cluster validity indices can give conflicting results in determining the optimal number of clusters. This paper presents a new validity index for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Mohammad Hossein Fazel Zarandi , Shahabeddin Sotudian , Oscar Castillo

The misclassification error distance and the adjusted Rand index are two of the most commonly used criteria to evaluate the performance of clustering algorithms. This paper provides an in-depth comparison of the two criteria, aimed to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-29 José E. Chacón

Statistical jump models have been recently introduced to detect persistent regimes by clustering temporal features and discouraging frequent regime changes. However, they are limited to hard clustering and thereby do not account for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-01 Federico P. Cortese , Antonio Pievatolo , Elisa Maria Alessi

Random fuzzy variables join the modeling of the impreciseness (due to their ``fuzzy part'') and randomness. Statistical samples of such objects are widely used, and their direct, numerically effective generation is therefore necessary.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-22 Maciej Romaniuk , Abbas Parchami , Przemysław Grzegorzewski

Clustering is a central approach for unsupervised learning. After clustering is applied, the most fundamental analysis is to quantitatively compare clusterings. Such comparisons are crucial for the evaluation of clustering methods as well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-03 Alexander J Gates , Yong-Yeol Ahn

Cluster-randomized experiments are increasingly used to evaluate interventions in routine practice conditions, and researchers often adopt model-based methods with covariate adjustment in the statistical analyses. However, the validity of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-08 Bingkai Wang , Chan Park , Dylan S. Small , Fan Li

Clustering is one of the widely used data mining techniques for medical diagnosis. Clustering can be considered as the most important unsupervised learning technique. Most of the clustering methods group data based on distance and few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-12-24 K. Dhanalakshmi , H. Hannah Inbarani

Information Retrieval systems can be improved by exploiting context information such as user and document features. This article presents a model based on overlapping probabilistic or fuzzy clusters for such features. The model is applied…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2011-02-21 Thomas Mandl , Christa Womser-Hacker

The clustering performance of Fuzzy Adaptive Resonance Theory (Fuzzy ART) is highly dependent on the preset vigilance parameter, where deviations in its value can lead to significant fluctuations in clustering results, severely limiting its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xiaozheng Qu , Zhaochuan Li , Zhuang Qi , Xiang Li , Haibei Huang , Lei Meng , Xiangxu Meng

Rule-based systems are a very popular form of explainable AI, particularly in the fuzzy community, where fuzzy rules are widely used for control and classification problems. However, fuzzy rule-based classifiers struggle to reach bigger…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Raquel Fernandez-Peralta , Javier Fumanal-Idocin , Javier Andreu-Perez

Data clustering is an important area of data mining. This is an unsupervised study where data of similar types are put into one cluster while data of another types are put into different cluster. Fuzzy C means is a very important clustering…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-31 Dibya Jyoti Bora , Dr. Anil Kumar Gupta
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