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Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved notable success in cooperative tasks, demonstrating impressive performance and scalability. However, deploying MARL agents in real-world applications presents critical safety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Zeyang Li , Navid Azizan

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved outstanding results in recent years, which has led a dramatic increase in the number of methods and applications. Recent works are exploring learning beyond single-agent scenarios and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Yunlong Lu , Kai Yan

Large language models (LLMs) are versatile, yet their deployment in complex real-world settings is limited by static knowledge cutoffs and the difficulty of producing controllable behavior within a single inference. Multi-agent search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Guanzhong Chen , Shaoxiong Yang , Chao Li , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Zenglin Xu

Multi-agent coordination studies the underlying mechanism enabling the trending spread of diverse multi-agent systems (MAS) and has received increasing attention, driven by the expansion of emerging applications and rapid AI advances. This…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Lijun Sun , Yijun Yang , Qiqi Duan , Yuhui Shi , Chao Lyu , Yu-Cheng Chang , Chin-Teng Lin , Yang Shen

We propose a new framework for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where the agents cooperate in a time-evolving network with latent community structures and mixed memberships. Unlike traditional neighbor-based or fixed interaction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Zhaoyang Shi

The primary focus of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has been to study interactions among a fixed number of agents embedded in an environment. However, in the real world, the number of agents is neither fixed nor known a priori.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Shishir Sharma , Doina Precup , Theodore J. Perkins

Even though Google Research Football (GRF) was initially benchmarked and studied as a single-agent environment in its original paper, recent years have witnessed an increasing focus on its multi-agent nature by researchers utilizing it as a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Yan Song , He Jiang , Haifeng Zhang , Zheng Tian , Weinan Zhang , Jun Wang

This survey explores the development of meta-thinking capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) from a Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) perspective. Meta-thinking self-reflection, assessment, and control of thinking processes is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ahsan Bilal , Muhammad Ahmed Mohsin , Muhammad Umer , Muhammad Awais Khan Bangash , Muhammad Ali Jamshed

In this paper, we study the cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) problems using Reward Machines (RMs) to specify the reward functions such that the prior knowledge of high-level events in a task can be leveraged to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xuejing Zheng , Chao Yu

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) face two fundamental limitations: excessive token consumption when overanalyzing simple information processing tasks, and inability to access up-to-date knowledge beyond their training data. We introduce MARS…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Guoxin Chen , Zile Qiao , Wenqing Wang , Donglei Yu , Xuanzhong Chen , Hao Sun , Minpeng Liao , Kai Fan , Yong Jiang , Penguin Xie , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ruihua Song , Fei Huang

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) excel at accomplishing complex objectives through the collaborative efforts of individual agents. Among the methodologies employed in MAS, Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) stands out as one of the most…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Chenhao Yao , Zike Yuan , Xiaoxu Liu , Chi Zhu

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a challenging subarea of Reinforcement Learning due to the non-stationarity of the environments and the large dimensionality of the combined action space. Deep MARL algorithms have been applied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Yuanchao Xu , Amal Feriani , Ekram Hossain

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods often suffer from high sample complexity, limiting their use in real-world problems where data is sparse or expensive to collect. Although latent-variable world models have been employed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Aravind Venugopal , Stephanie Milani , Fei Fang , Balaraman Ravindran

Multi-agent systems (MAS) constitute a significant role in exploring machine intelligence and advanced applications. In order to deeply investigate complicated interactions within MAS scenarios, we originally propose "GNN for MBRL" model,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Hanxiao Chen

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a widely used technique for optimization in decentralised control problems. However, most applications of MARL are in static environments, and are not suitable when agent behaviour and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2014-09-17 Andrei Marinescu , Ivana Dusparic , Adam Taylor , Vinny Cahill , Siobhán Clarke

Only limited studies and superficial evaluations are available on agents' behaviors and roles within a Multi-Agent System (MAS). We simulate a MAS using Reinforcement Learning (RL) in a pursuit-evasion (a.k.a predator-prey pursuit) game,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Piyush K. Sharma , Erin Zaroukian , Derrik E. Asher , Bryson Howell

Microprocessor architects are increasingly resorting to domain-specific customization in the quest for high-performance and energy-efficiency. As the systems grow in complexity, fine-tuning architectural parameters across multiple…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Srivatsan Krishnan , Natasha Jaques , Shayegan Omidshafiei , Dan Zhang , Izzeddin Gur , Vijay Janapa Reddi , Aleksandra Faust

Recent renewed interest in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has generated an impressive array of techniques that leverage deep reinforcement learning, primarily actor-critic architectures, and can be applied to a limited range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Keyang He , Prashant Doshi , Bikramjit Banerjee

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in cross-modal understanding and reasoning, offering new opportunities for intelligent assistive systems, yet existing systems still struggle with risk-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Renjun Gao

Multi-agent reinforcement learning for incomplete information environments has attracted extensive attention from researchers. However, due to the slow sample collection and poor sample exploration, there are still some problems in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Shuhan Qi , Shuhao Zhang , Xiaohan Hou , Jiajia Zhang , Xuan Wang , Jing Xiao
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