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This technical report presents the training methodology and evaluation results of the open-source multilingual E5 text embedding models, released in mid-2023. Three embedding models of different sizes (small / base / large) are provided,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Xiaolong Huang , Linjun Yang , Rangan Majumder , Furu Wei

Automatic Static Analysis Tools (ASATs) are widely used by software developers to diffuse and enforce coding practices. Yet, we know little about the documentation of ASATs, despite it being critical to learn about the coding practices in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Corentin Latappy , Thomas Degueule , Jean-Rémy Falleri , Romain Robbes , Xavier Blanc , Cédric Teyton

Multilingual automatic lyrics transcription (ALT) is a challenging task due to the limited availability of labelled data and the challenges introduced by singing, compared to multilingual automatic speech recognition. Although some…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-26 Jiawen Huang , Emmanouil Benetos

Text Style Transfer (TST) evaluation is, in practice, inconsistent. Therefore, we conduct a meta-analysis on human and automated TST evaluation and experimentation that thoroughly examines existing literature in the field. The meta-analysis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Phil Ostheimer , Mayank Nagda , Marius Kloft , Sophie Fellenz

Multimodal systems, which process multiple input types such as text, audio, and images, are becoming increasingly prevalent in software systems, enabled by the huge advancements in Machine Learning. This triggers the need to easily define…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Marcos Gomez-Vazquez , Jordi Cabot

We present a suite of experiments that allow us to understand the underlying challenges of language model adaptation to nonstandard text. We do so by designing interventions that approximate core features of user-generated text and their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Aarohi Srivastava , David Chiang

Despite the ability to train capable LLMs, the methodology for maintaining their relevancy and rectifying errors remains elusive. To this end, the past few years have witnessed a surge in techniques for editing LLMs, the objective of which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Yunzhi Yao , Peng Wang , Bozhong Tian , Siyuan Cheng , Zhoubo Li , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

XML database query languages have been studied extensively, but XML database updates have received relatively little attention, and pose many challenges to language design. We are developing an XML update language called Flux, which stands…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2008-07-09 James Cheney

This paper delves into the pressing need in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) for Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs possess remarkable capabilities, their extensive parameter requirements and associated computational demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Chengyu Wang , Junbing Yan , Wei Zhang , Jun Huang

Text-to-SQL has attracted attention from both the natural language processing and database communities because of its ability to convert the semantics in natural language into SQL queries and its practical application in building natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Naihao Deng , Yulong Chen , Yue Zhang

Automated text scoring (ATS) tasks, such as automated essay scoring and readability assessment, are important educational applications of natural language processing. Due to their interpretability of models and predictions, traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Hitoshi Manabe , Masato Hagiwara

This research paper presents a comprehensive review-based study on various Text-to-Speech (TTS) technologies. TTS technology is an important aspect of human-computer interaction, enabling machines to convert written text into audible…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Md. Jalal Uddin Chowdhury , Ashab Hussan

The explosive growth of textual data over time presents a significant challenge in uncovering evolving themes and trends. Existing dynamic topic modeling techniques, while powerful, often exist in fragmented pipelines that lack robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Suman Adhya , Debarshi Kumar Sanyal

Sound exhaustiveness checking of pattern-matching is an essential feature of functional programming languages, and OCaml supports it for GADTs. However this check is incomplete, in that it may fail to detect that a pattern can match no…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Jacques Garrigue , Jacques Le Normand

Context and motivation: Usage of Formal Specification languages is scarce in web application development as compared to safety critical/hardware systems. Question/problem: An apt formal specification language should provide the following…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Karthika Venkatesan , Sujit Kumar Chakrabarti

The project was funded in 2021-2023 by the National Programme of Estonian Language Technology. Its main aim was to develop spelling and grammar correction tools for the Estonian language. The main challenge was the very small amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Agnes Luhtaru , Martin Vainikko , Krista Liin , Kais Allkivi-Metsoja , Jaagup Kippar , Pille Eslon , Mark Fishel

We introduce Stable Code, the first in our new-generation of code language models series, which serves as a general-purpose base code language model targeting code completion, reasoning, math, and other software engineering-based tasks.…

This paper investigates the capabilities of ChatGPT as an automated assistant in diverse domains, including scientific writing, mathematics, education, programming, and healthcare. We explore the potential of ChatGPT to enhance…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Amos Azaria , Rina Azoulay , Shulamit Reches

Recent advances in text-to-speech (TTS) technology have enabled systems to generate speech that is often indistinguishable from human speech, bringing benefits to accessibility, content creation, and human-computer interaction. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Yifan Yang , Hui Wang , Bing Han , Shujie Liu , Jinyu Li , Yong Qin , Xie Chen

Despite the remarkable progress of modern machine translation (MT) systems on general-domain texts, translating structured LaTeX-formatted documents remains a significant challenge. These documents typically interleave natural language with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Ziming Zhu , Chenglong Wang , Haosong Xv , Shunjie Xing , Yifu Huo , Fengning Tian , Quan Du , Di Yang , Chunliang Zhang , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu