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Related papers: Normality, Relativization, and Randomness

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This paper, broadly speaking, covers the use of randomness in two main areas: low-rank approximation and kernel methods. Low-rank approximation is very important in numerical linear algebra. Many applications depend on matrix decomposition…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Rishi Advani , Madison Crim , Sean O'Hagan

A real number \alpha is called recursively enumerable if there exists a computable, increasing sequence of rational numbers which converges to \alpha. The randomness of a recursively enumerable real \alpha can be characterized in various…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-05-20 Kohtaro Tadaki

The superconvergence phenomenon is shown for products of free, identically distributed random variables. We also show that a certain Holder regularity, first demonstrated by Biane for the density of a free additive convolution with a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-17 Hari Bercovici , Jiun-Chau Wang , Ping Zhong

We investigate the strength of a randomness notion $\mathcal R$ as a set-existence principle in second-order arithmetic: for each $Z$ there is an $X$ that is $\mathcal R$-random relative to $Z$. We show that the equivalence between…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-09-04 André Nies , Paul Shafer

We give a categorical treatment, in the spirit of Baez and Fritz, of relative entropy for probability distributions defined on standard Borel spaces. We define a category suitable for reasoning about statistical inference on standard Borel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Nicolas Gagne , Prakash Panangaden

This is a review of the issue of randomness in quantum mechanics, with special emphasis on its ambiguity; for example, randomness has different antipodal relationships to determinism, computability, and compressibility. Following a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Klaas Landsman

The paper is an extensive and systematic study of cardinal invariants we call slalom numbers, describing the combinatorics of sequences of sets of natural numbers. Our general approach, based on relational systems, covers many such cardinal…

We first compare several algebraic notions of normality, from a categorical viewpoint. Then we introduce an intrinsic description of Higgins' commutator for ideal-determined categories, and we define a new notion of normality in terms of…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2010-02-09 Sandra Mantovani , Giuseppe Metere

In algorithmic randomness, when one wants to define a randomness notion with respect to some non-computable measure $\lambda $, a choice needs to be made. One approach is to allow randomness tests to access the measure $\lambda $ as an…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-08-14 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen , Antoine Taveneaux , Neil Thapen

We compute the associated prime ideals of the normalization modulo the ring, and establish connections between different types of generalizations (resp. specializations) of the normalization. This has some applications. For example, we…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Mohsen Asgharzadeh

We show that the embeddability relations for countable quandles and for countable fields of any given characteristic other than 2 are maximally complex in a strong sense: they are invariantly universal. This notion from the theory of Borel…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Andrew D. Brooke-Taylor , Filippo Calderoni , Sheila K. Miller

We survey the Kolmogorov's approach to the notion of randomness through the Kolmogorov complexity theory. The original motivation of Kolmogorov was to give up a quantitative definition of information. In this theory, an object is randomness…

Logic · Mathematics 2008-01-03 Marie Ferbus-Zanda , Serge Grigorieff

The seminormalization of an algebraic variety $X$ is the biggest variety linked to $X$ by a finite, birational and bijective morphism. In this paper we introduce a variant of the seminormalization, suited for real algebraic varieties,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-09-09 François Bernard

In previous work, I described several examples combining reduction and emergence: where reduction is understood a la Ernest Nagel, and emergence is understood as behaviour or properties that are novel (by some salient standard). Here, my…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-06-18 Jeremy Butterfield

Pseudorandmness plays an important role in number theory, complexity theory and cryptography. Our aim is to use models of arithmetic to explain pseudorandomness by randomness. To this end we construct a set of models $\cal M$, a common…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-10-18 Pavel Pudlak

We introduce a new class of integral domains, the perinormal domains, which fall strictly between Krull domains and weakly normal domains. We establish basic properties of the class, and in the case of universally catenary domains we give…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2016-01-01 Neil Epstein , Jay Shapiro

The 2013 logic blog has focussed on the following: 1. Higher randomness. Among others, the Borel complexity of $\Pi^1_1$ randomness and higher weak 2 randomness is determined. 2. Reverse mathematics and its relationship to randomness. For…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-06-20 André Nies

We generalise the randomness test definitions in the literature for both the Martin-L\"of and Schnorr randomness of a series of binary outcomes, in order to allow for interval-valued rather than merely precise forecasts for these outcomes,…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Gert de Cooman , Floris Persiau , Jasper De Bock

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the random tensor with normal distribution, which promotes the matrix normal distribution to a higher order case. Some basic knowledge on tensors are introduced before we focus on the random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-09 Changqing Xu , Kaijie Xu

May randomness (real numbers, opinions) evolve into order (regularity) with time? We study some polarization and symmetry properties, which emerge in time evolution of opinions (real numbers) within entries of two and three-dimensional…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Caglar Tuncay