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When the quality of naive prompts is carefully optimized by human experts, the task performance of large language models (LLMs) can be significantly improved. However, expert-based prompt optimizations are expensive. Herein, some works have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Junru Lu , Siyu An , Min Zhang , Yulan He , Di Yin , Xing Sun

In the context of mapping high-level algorithms to hardware, we consider the basic problem of generating an efficient hardware implementation of a single threaded program, in particular, that of an inner loop. We describe a control-flow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-11-05 Madhav Desai

Prompt engineering has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing the performance of large language models (LLMs) across diverse tasks. However, most existing prompt optimization methods only focus on the task-level performance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yilun Kong , Hangyu Mao , Qi Zhao , Bin Zhang , Jingqing Ruan , Li Shen , Yongzhe Chang , Xueqian Wang , Rui Zhao , Dacheng Tao

This thesis develops theoretical frameworks and algorithms that advance constrained reinforcement learning (RL) across control, preference learning, and alignment of large language models. The first contribution addresses constrained Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Akhil Agnihotri

Application autotuning is a promising path investigated in literature to improve computation efficiency. In this context, the end-users define high-level requirements and an autonomic manager is able to identify and seize optimization…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Tomas Martinovic , Davide Gadioli , Gianluca Palermo , Cristina Silvano

Modern software systems and products increasingly rely on machine learning models to make data-driven decisions based on interactions with users, infrastructure and other systems. For broader adoption, this practice must (i) accommodate…

Modern compilers optimize programs through a sequence of modular passes over intermediate representations (IR). While this pass-by-pass paradigm offers engineering benefits, it suffers from a pass coordination problem: locally beneficial…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lei Qiu , Zi Yang , Fang Lyu , Ming Zhong , Huimin Cui , Xiaobing Feng

Heterogeneity has become a mainstream architecture design choice for building High Performance Computing systems. However, heterogeneity poses significant challenges for achieving performance portability of execution. Adapting a program to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Giorgis Georgakoudis , Konstantinos Parasyris , Chunhua Liao , David Beckingsale , Todd Gamblin , Bronis de Supinski

Compiler optimization relies on sequences of passes to improve program performance. Selecting and ordering these passes automatically, known as compiler auto-tuning, is challenging due to the large and complex search space. Existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Haolin Pan , Jinyuan Dong , Mingjie Xing , Yanjun Wu

Large-scale reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated its effectiveness in harnessing the potential of large language models (LLMs) for single-turn reasoning tasks. In realistic reasoning scenarios, LLMs can…

A compiler processes the code written in a high level language and produces machine executable code. The compiler writers often face the challenge of keeping the compilation times reasonable. That is because aggressive optimization passes…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Sanket Tavarageri

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across various tasks, yet their high computational demands pose deployment challenges, especially on consumer-grade hardware. Mixture of Experts (MoE) models provide an efficient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-19 En-Ming Huang , Li-Shang Lin , Chun-Yi Lee

Superoptimization is the task of transforming a program into a faster one while preserving its input-output behavior. In this work, we investigate whether large language models (LLMs) can serve as superoptimizers, generating assembly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Anjiang Wei , Tarun Suresh , Huanmi Tan , Yinglun Xu , Gagandeep Singh , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken

Transformers are central to advances in artificial intelligence (AI), excelling in fields ranging from computer vision to natural language processing. Despite their success, their large parameter count and computational demands challenge…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Qunyou Liu , Marina Zapater , David Atienza

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated transformative capabilities across diverse artificial intelligence applications, yet their deployment is hindered by substantial memory and computational demands, especially in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Feng Cheng , Cong Guo , Chiyue Wei , Junyao Zhang , Changchun Zhou , Edward Hanson , Jiaqi Zhang , Xiaoxiao Liu , Hai "Helen" Li , Yiran Chen

Prompt design is a critical factor in the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet remains largely heuristic, manual, and difficult to scale. This paper presents the first comprehensive evaluation of Automatic Prompt Optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Jayesh Choudhari , Piyush Kumar Singh , Douglas McIlwraith , Snehal Nair

Effective code optimization in compilers is crucial for computer and software engineering. The success of these optimizations primarily depends on the selection and ordering of the optimization passes applied to the code. While most…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Chaoyi Deng , Jialong Wu , Ningya Feng , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

General-purpose processor vendors have integrated customized accelerator in their products due to the widespread use of General Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) kernels. However, it remains a challenge to further improve the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Bingcai Sui , Junzhong Shen , Caixia Sun , Junhui Wang , Zhong Zheng , Wei Guo

The integration of machine learning (ML) is critical for industrial competitiveness, yet its adoption is frequently stalled by the prohibitive costs and operational disruptions of upgrading legacy systems. The financial and logistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Ashiqur Rahman , Hamed Alhoori

Constrained multi-objective optimization problems (CMOPs) frequently arise in real-world applications where multiple conflicting objectives must be optimized under complex constraints. Existing dual-population two-stage algorithms have…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Zhen-Song Chen , Hong-Wei Ding , Xian-Jia Wang , Witold Pedrycz
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