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Incorporating prior knowledge or specifications of input-output relationships into machine learning models has attracted significant attention, as it enhances generalization from limited data and yields conforming outputs. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Youngjae Min , Navid Azizan

Despite the tremendous advances that have been made in the last decade on developing useful machine-learning applications, their wider adoption has been hindered by the lack of strong assurance guarantees that can be made about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-18 He Zhu , Zikang Xiong , Stephen Magill , Suresh Jagannathan

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have a wide range of applications, and software employing them must be thoroughly tested, especially in safety-critical domains. However, traditional software test coverage metrics cannot be applied directly to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Youcheng Sun , Xiaowei Huang , Daniel Kroening , James Sharp , Matthew Hill , Rob Ashmore

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have emerged as an effective approach to tackling real-world problems. However, like human-written software, DNNs can have bugs and can be attacked. To address this, research has explored a wide-range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hai Duong , ThanhVu Nguyen , Matthew Dwyer

The current learning process of deep learning, regardless of any deep neural network (DNN) architecture and/or learning algorithm used, is essentially a single resolution training. We explore multiresolution learning and show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Hongyan Zhou , Yao Liang

Neural networks have emerged as essential components in safety-critical applications -- these use cases demand complex, yet trustworthy computations. Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) are a type of neural network where each neuron is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jiong Yang , Yong Kiam Tan , Mate Soos , Magnus O. Myreen , Kuldeep S. Meel

Neural networks are one of the most investigated and widely used techniques in Machine Learning. In spite of their success, they still find limited application in safety- and security-related contexts, wherein assurance about networks'…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-28 Francesco Leofante , Nina Narodytska , Luca Pulina , Armando Tacchella

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of applications, while they are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which motivates the evaluation and benchmark of model robustness. However, current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Jun Guo , Wei Bao , Jiakai Wang , Yuqing Ma , Xinghai Gao , Gang Xiao , Aishan Liu , Jian Dong , Xianglong Liu , Wenjun Wu

Validation accuracy is a necessary, but not sufficient, measure of a neural network classifier's quality. High validation accuracy during development does not guarantee that a model is free of serious flaws, such as vulnerability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 John S. Hyatt , Michael S. Lee

In the last decade, a large body of work has emerged on robustness of neural networks, i.e., checking if the decision remains unchanged when the input is slightly perturbed. However, most of these approaches ignore the confidence of a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mohammad Afzal , S. Akshay , Blaise Genest , Ashutosh Gupta

Deep neural networks (DNNs) enable innovative applications of machine learning like image recognition, machine translation, or malware detection. However, deep learning is often criticized for its lack of robustness in adversarial settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel

Despite the efficacy on a variety of computer vision tasks, deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, limiting their applications in security-critical systems. Recent works have shown the possibility of generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-21 Ziang Yan , Yiwen Guo , Changshui Zhang

Formal explainability guarantees the rigor of computed explanations, and so it is paramount in domains where rigor is critical, including those deemed high-risk. Unfortunately, since its inception formal explainability has been hampered by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Xuanxiang Huang , Joao Marques-Silva

Adversarial examples pose a security threat to many critical systems built on neural networks (such as face recognition systems, and self-driving cars). While many methods have been proposed to build robust models, how to build certifiably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ruihan Zhang , Peixin Zhang , Jun Sun

Modern software systems rely on Deep Neural Networks (DNN) when processing complex, unstructured inputs, such as images, videos, natural language texts or audio signals. Provided the intractably large size of such input spaces, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Michael Weiss , Paolo Tonella

Neural network verifiers aim to provide formal guarantees on model behavior, but existing verification benchmarks are fundamentally limited by their lack of ground-truth labels. As a result, verifier evaluation relies on indirect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 David Troxell , Yulia Alexandr , Sofia Hunt , Stephanie Lei , Guido Montúfar

The success of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) highly depends on data quality. Moreover, predictive uncertainty makes high performing DNNs risky for real-world deployment. In this paper, we aim to address these two issues by proposing a unified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Krishanu Sarker , Xiulong Yang , Yang Li , Saeid Belkasim , Shihao Ji

Verifiable computing (VC) has gained prominence in decentralized machine learning systems, where resource-intensive tasks like deep neural network (DNN) inference are offloaded to external participants due to blockchain limitations. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Ali Rahimi , Babak H. Khalaj , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali

Deep neural networks have been shown to lack robustness to small input perturbations. The process of generating the perturbations that expose the lack of robustness of neural networks is known as adversarial input generation. This process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Tommaso Dreossi , Shromona Ghosh , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Sanjit A. Seshia

Geometric image transformations that arise in the real world, such as scaling and rotation, have been shown to easily deceive deep neural networks (DNNs). Hence, training DNNs to be certifiably robust to these perturbations is critical.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Rem Yang , Jacob Laurel , Sasa Misailovic , Gagandeep Singh
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