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Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities but also pose risks by learning and generating copyrighted material, leading to significant legal and ethical concerns. In real-world scenarios, model owners…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Guangyao Dou , Zheyuan Liu , Qing Lyu , Kaize Ding , Eric Wong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to query knowledge graphs (KGs) due to their strong semantic understanding and extrapolation capabilities compared to traditional approaches. However, these methods cannot be applied when…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Mauro Dalle Lucca Tosi , Jordi Cabot

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advancing at a remarkable pace, with myriad applications under development. Unlike most earlier machine learning models, they are no longer built for one specific application but are designed to excel in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Valentin Hartmann , Anshuman Suri , Vincent Bindschaedler , David Evans , Shruti Tople , Robert West

The task of text privatization using Differential Privacy has recently taken the form of $\textit{text rewriting}$, in which an input text is obfuscated via the use of generative (large) language models. While these methods have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Stephen Meisenbacher , Maulik Chevli , Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

Recent advances in generative models for language have enabled the creation of convincing synthetic text or deepfake text. Prior work has demonstrated the potential for misuse of deepfake text to mislead content consumers. Therefore,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Jiameng Pu , Zain Sarwar , Sifat Muhammad Abdullah , Abdullah Rehman , Yoonjin Kim , Parantapa Bhattacharya , Mobin Javed , Bimal Viswanath

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become central to numerous natural language processing tasks, but their vulnerabilities present significant security and ethical challenges. This systematic survey explores the evolving landscape of attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Zhiyu Liao , Kang Chen , Yuanguo Lin , Kangkang Li , Yunxuan Liu , Hefeng Chen , Xingwang Huang , Yuanhui Yu

The capabilities of recent large language models (LLMs) to generate high-quality content indistinguishable by humans from human-written texts raises many concerns regarding their misuse. Previous research has shown that LLMs can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Aneta Zugecova , Dominik Macko , Ivan Srba , Robert Moro , Jakub Kopal , Katarina Marcincinova , Matus Mesarcik

Spurred by the recent rapid increase in the development and distribution of large language models (LLMs) across industry and academia, much recent work has drawn attention to safety- and security-related threats and vulnerabilities of LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Maximilian Mozes , Xuanli He , Bennett Kleinberg , Lewis D. Griffin

Generative large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of tasks, yet they remain susceptible to backdoor attacks: carefully crafted triggers in the input can manipulate the model to produce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yige Li , Hanxun Huang , Yunhan Zhao , Xingjun Ma , Jun Sun

The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) has created an urgent need for robust tools to detect LLM-generated text, especially in light of \textit{paraphrasing} techniques that often evade existing detection methods. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Weiqing He , Bojian Hou , Tianqi Shang , Davoud Ataee Tarzanagh , Qi Long , Li Shen

The widespread use of cloud-based Large Language Models (LLMs) has heightened concerns over user privacy, as sensitive information may be inadvertently exposed during interactions with these services. To protect privacy before sending…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Shuo Huang , William MacLean , Xiaoxi Kang , Qiongkai Xu , Zhuang Li , Xingliang Yuan , Gholamreza Haffari , Lizhen Qu

Text sanitization aims to rewrite parts of a document to prevent disclosure of personal information. The central challenge of text sanitization is to strike a balance between privacy protection (avoiding the leakage of personal information)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ildikó Pilán , Benet Manzanares-Salor , David Sánchez , Pierre Lison

Recent advances confirm that large language models (LLMs) can achieve state-of-the-art performance across various tasks. However, due to the resource-intensive nature of training LLMs from scratch, it is urgent and crucial to protect the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zhiguang Yang , Hanzhou Wu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to high-quality Machine-Generated Text (MGT), giving rise to countless new use cases and applications. However, easy access to LLMs is posing new challenges due to misuse. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Areg Mikael Sarvazyan , José Ángel González , Marc Franco-Salvador

The widespread use of large language models (LLMs) is increasing the demand for methods that detect machine-generated text to prevent misuse. The goal of our study is to stress test the detectors' robustness to malicious attacks under…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yichen Wang , Shangbin Feng , Abe Bohan Hou , Xiao Pu , Chao Shen , Xiaoming Liu , Yulia Tsvetkov , Tianxing He

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly prevalent in various domains, their ability to process inputs of any length and maintain a degree of memory becomes essential. However, the one-off input of overly long texts is limited,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Yao Yao , Zuchao Li , Hai Zhao

Automated clinical text anonymization has the potential to unlock the widespread sharing of textual health data for secondary usage while assuring patient privacy and safety. Despite the proposal of many complex and theoretically successful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 David Pissarra , Isabel Curioso , João Alveira , Duarte Pereira , Bruno Ribeiro , Tomás Souper , Vasco Gomes , André V. Carreiro , Vitor Rolla

As large language models (LLMs) continue to evolve, their potential use in automating cyberattacks becomes increasingly likely. With capabilities such as reconnaissance, exploitation, and command execution, LLMs could soon become integral…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Daniel Ayzenshteyn , Roy Weiss , Yisroel Mirsky

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being adopted in a wide range of real-world applications. Despite their impressive performance, recent studies have shown that LLMs are vulnerable to deliberately crafted adversarial prompts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Yige Li , Ye Zhang , Jun Sun