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The success of the ensemble Kalman filter has triggered a strong interest in expanding its scope beyond classical state estimation problems. In this paper, we focus on continuous-time data assimilation where the model and measurement errors…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-06-26 Nikolas Nüsken , Sebastian Reich , Paul J. Rozdeba

We address the problem of observation noise misspecification in Bayesian filtering of dynamical systems via recent advances in generalised Bayesian inference. Mis-match in tail decay between the true data generating process and an assumed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Hans Reimann , Sebastian Reich

Kalman filtering has been traditionally applied in three application areas of estimation, state estimation, parameter estimation (a.k.a. model updating), and dual estimation. However, Kalman filter is often not sufficient when experimenting…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-11 Johnny Condori , Amin Maghareh , Shirley Dyke

The Kalman filter (KF) provides optimal recursive state estimates for linear-Gaussian systems and underpins applications in control, signal processing, and others. However, it is vulnerable to outliers in the measurements and process noise.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-02 Alan Yang , Stephen Boyd

Stochastic models in biomolecular contexts can have a state-dependent process noise covariance. The choice of the process noise covariance is an important parameter in the design of a Kalman Filter for state estimation and the theoretical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Krishan Kumar Gola , Shaunak Sen

In the classical Kalman filter(KF), the estimated state is a linear combination of the one-step predicted state and measurement state, their confidence level change when the prediction mean square error matrix and covariance matrix of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Benyang Gong , Jiacheng He , Gang Wang , Bei Peng

We demonstrate optimal state estimation for a cavity optomechanical system through Kalman filtering. By taking into account nontrivial experimental noise sources, such as colored laser noise and spurious mechanical modes, we implement a…

We develop a general framework for state estimation in systems modeled with noise-polluted continuous time dynamics and discrete time noisy measurements. Our approach is based on maximum likelihood estimation and employs the calculus of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Griffin M. Kearney , Makan Fardad

Online joint estimation of unknown parameters and states in a dynamical system with uncertainty quantification is crucial in many applications. For example, digital twins dynamically update their knowledge of model parameters and states to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-01 Liliang Wang , Alex Gorodetsky

The problem of adaptive Kalman filtering for a discrete observable linear time-varying system with unknown noise covariance matrices is addressed in this paper. The measurement difference autocovariance method is used to formulate a linear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-27 Rahul Moghe , Maruthi R. Akella , Renato Zanetti

Prediction error and maximum likelihood methods are powerful tools for identifying linear dynamical systems and, in particular, enable the joint estimation of model parameters and the Kalman filter used for state estimation. A key…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Léo Simpson , Moritz Diehl

This paper studies the distributed state estimation problem for a class of discrete time-varying systems over sensor networks. Firstly, it is shown that a networked Kalman filter with optimal gain parameter is actually a centralized filter,…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Xingkang He , Wenchao Xue , Haitao Fang

For modelling geophysical systems, large-scale processes are described through a set of coarse-grained dynamical equations while small-scale processes are represented via parameterizations. This work proposes a method for identifying the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Manuel Pulido , Pierre Tandeo , Marc Bocquet , Alberto Carrassi , Magdalena Lucini

This article examines state estimation in discrete-time nonlinear stochastic systems with finite-dimensional states and infinite-dimensional measurements, motivated by real-world applications such as vision-based localization and tracking.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Maxwell M. Varley , Timothy L. Molloy , Girish N. Nair

Disturbance noises are always bounded in a practical system, while fusion estimation is to best utilize multiple sensor data containing noises for the purpose of estimating a quantity--a parameter or process. However, few results are…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Bo Chen , Guoqiang Hu , Daniel W. C. Ho , Li Yu

In this paper, we focus on developing an Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF) for extended pose estimation for a noisy system with state equality constraints. We treat those constraints as noise-free pseudo-measurements. To this aim, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-17 Sven Goffin , Silvère Bonnabel , Olivier Brüls , Pierre Sacré

The estimation of non-Gaussian measurement noise models is a significant challenge across various fields. In practical applications, it often faces challenges due to the large number of parameters and high computational complexity. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-25 Zuxuan Zhang , Gang Wang , Jiacheng He , Shan Zhong

State estimation incorporates the feedback in optimization based advanced process control systems and is very important for the performance of model predictive control. We describe the extended Kalman filter, the unscented Kalman filter,…

This paper considers the simultaneous state and unknown input estimation for continuous-discrete stochastic systems. Two types of approaches (with and without modeling of unknown inputs) which can address this issue are investigated. A…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-12 Peng Lu

Satellite dynamics and tracking remain important challenges in the context of space exploration and communication systems. Accurate state estimation is essential to maintain reliable orbital motion and system performance. This paper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Moh Kamalul Wafi