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Code-switching (CS) occurs when a speaker alternates words of two or more languages within a single sentence or across sentences. Automatic speech recognition (ASR) of CS speech has to deal with two or more languages at the same time. In…
For real-world deployment of automatic speech recognition (ASR), the system is desired to be capable of fast inference while relieving the requirement of computational resources. The recently proposed end-to-end ASR system based on…
Code-switching speech refers to a means of expression by mixing two or more languages within a single utterance. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) with End-to-End (E2E) modeling for such speech can be a challenging task due to the lack of…
End-to-end modeling (E2E) of automatic speech recognition (ASR) blends all the components of a traditional speech recognition system into a unified model. Although it simplifies training and decoding pipelines, the unified model is hard to…
Code-switching (CS) automatic speech recognition (ASR) faces challenges due to the language confusion resulting from accents, auditory similarity, and seamless language switches. Adaptation on the pre-trained multi-lingual model has shown…
The pervasiveness of intra-utterance code-switching (CS) in spoken content requires that speech recognition (ASR) systems handle mixed language. Designing a CS-ASR system has many challenges, mainly due to data scarcity, grammatical…
End-to-end speech recognition systems usually require huge amounts of labeling resource, while annotating the speech data is complicated and expensive. Active learning is the solution by selecting the most valuable samples for annotation.…
Code-switching (CS) is common in daily conversations where more than one language is used within a sentence. The difficulties of CS speech recognition lie in alternating languages and the lack of transcribed data. Therefore, this paper uses…
We present a state-of-the-art end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model. We learn to listen and write characters with a joint Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and attention-based encoder-decoder network. The encoder is…
This paper presents a method to train end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models using unpaired data. Although the end-to-end approach can eliminate the need for expert knowledge such as pronunciation dictionaries to build ASR…
Sequence-to-sequence attention-based models integrate an acoustic, pronunciation and language model into a single neural network, which make them very suitable for multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this paper, we are…
We present a simple and efficient auxiliary loss function for automatic speech recognition (ASR) based on the connectionist temporal classification (CTC) objective. The proposed objective, an intermediate CTC loss, is attached to an…
Multilingual end-to-end(E2E) models have shown a great potential in the expansion of the language coverage in the realm of automatic speech recognition(ASR). In this paper, we aim to enhance the multilingual ASR performance in two ways,…
End-to-End automatic speech recognition (ASR) models aim to learn a generalised speech representation to perform recognition. In this domain there is little research to analyse internal representation dependencies and their relationship to…
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks are resolved by end-to-end deep learning models, which benefits us by less preparation of raw data, and easier transformation between languages. We propose a novel end-to-end deep learning model…
Conversational automatic speech recognition (ASR) is a task to recognize conversational speech including multiple speakers. Unlike sentence-level ASR, conversational ASR can naturally take advantages from specific characteristics of…
Code-switching (CS), defined as the mixing of languages in conversations, has become a worldwide phenomenon. The prevalence of CS has been recently met with a growing demand and interest to build CS ASR systems. In this paper, we present…
In this paper, we particularly work on the code-switched text, one of the most common occurrences in the bilingual communities across the world. Due to the discrepancies in the extraction of code-switched text from an Automated Speech…
Sequence-to-sequence models have shown success in end-to-end speech recognition. However these models have only used shallow acoustic encoder networks. In our work, we successively train very deep convolutional networks to add more…
In this paper, we investigate the code-switching detection performance of a code-switching (CS) automatic speech recognition (ASR) system with data-augmented acoustic and language models. We focus on the recognition of Frisian-Dutch radio…