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Several recent unsupervised learning methods use probabilistic approaches to solve combinatorial optimization (CO) problems based on the assumption of statistically independent solution variables. We demonstrate that this assumption imposes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Sebastian Sanokowski , Wilhelm Berghammer , Sepp Hochreiter , Sebastian Lehner

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great successes in many learning tasks performed on graph structures. Nonetheless, to propagate information GNNs rely on a message passing scheme which can become prohibitively expensive when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Ariel R. Ramos Vela , Johannes F. Lutzeyer , Anastasios Giovanidis , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Active tether-net systems are a promising solution for capturing large non-cooperative targets, such as space debris, by deploying a flexible net manipulated by maneuverable units (MUs). However, concurrent systematic explorations of design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Feng Liu , Achira Boonrath , Gishnu Madhu , Eleonora M. Botta , Souma Chowdhury

This paper presents a framework to tackle combinatorial optimization problems using neural networks and reinforcement learning. We focus on the traveling salesman problem (TSP) and train a recurrent network that, given a set of city…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-16 Irwan Bello , Hieu Pham , Quoc V. Le , Mohammad Norouzi , Samy Bengio

Logic optimization is an NP-hard problem commonly approached through hand-engineered heuristics. We propose to combine graph convolutional networks with reinforcement learning and a novel, scalable node embedding method to learn which local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Xavier Timoneda , Lukas Cavigelli

In computer science, there exist a large number of optimization problems defined on graphs, that is to find a best node state configuration or a network structure such that the designed objective function is optimized under some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Yaoxin Li , Jing Liu , Guozheng Lin , Yueyuan Hou , Muyun Mou , Jiang Zhang

Branch-and-bound is a typical way to solve combinatorial optimization problems. This paper proposes a graph pointer network model for learning the variable selection policy in the branch-and-bound. We extract the graph features, global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Rui Wang , Zhiming Zhou , Tao Zhang , Ling Wang , Xin Xu , Xiangke Liao , Kaiwen Li

Solutions to the Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) have practical applications to processes in transportation, logistics, and automation, yet must be computed with minimal delay to satisfy the real-time nature of the underlying tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Benjamin Hudson , Qingbiao Li , Matthew Malencia , Amanda Prorok

The current success of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) usually relies on loading the entire attributed graph for processing, which may not be satisfied with limited memory resources, especially when the attributed graph is large. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Junfu Wang , Yuanfang Guo , Liang Yang , Yunhong Wang

We present a quantum algorithmic routine that extends the realm of Grover-based heuristics for tackling combinatorial optimization problems with arbitrary efficiently computable objective and constraint functions. Building on previously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Sören Wilkening

Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) has emerged as a promising learning-based paradigm for addressing Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) by minimizing the need for extensive manual engineering. While existing NCO methods, trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Yuanyao Chen , Rongsheng Chen , Fu Luo , Zhenkun Wang

Deep neural networks based on reinforcement learning (RL) for solving combinatorial optimization (CO) problems are developing rapidly and have shown a tendency to approach or even outperform traditional solvers. However, existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chaoyang Wang , Pengzhi Cheng , Jingze Li , Weiwei Sun

Combinatorial optimization problems arise in a wide range of applications from diverse domains. Many of these problems are NP-hard and designing efficient heuristics for them requires considerable time and experimentation. On the other…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Juho Lauri , Sourav Dutta , Marco Grassia , Deepak Ajwani

The ability to compute similarity scores between graphs based on metrics such as Graph Edit Distance (GED) is important in many real-world applications. Computing exact GED values is typically an NP-hard problem and traditional algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Haoyan Xu , Runjian Chen , Yueyang Wang , Ziheng Duan , Jie Feng

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have greatly advanced the semi-supervised node classification task on graphs. The majority of existing GNNs are trained in an end-to-end manner that can be viewed as tackling a bi-level optimization problem.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Haoyu Han , Xiaorui Liu , Haitao Mao , MohamadAli Torkamani , Feng Shi , Victor Lee , Jiliang Tang

In this research, we propose an iterative learning hybrid optimization solver developed to strengthen the performance of metaheuristic algorithms in solving the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). The iterative hybrid mechanism…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Bachtiar Herdianto , Romain Billot , Flavien Lucas , Marc Sevaux , Daniele Vigo

Vector databases typically rely on approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search to retrieve the top-k closest vectors to a query in embedding space. While effective, this approach often yields semantically redundant results, missing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Rahul Raja , Arpita Vats

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) recently became powerful tools in graph learning tasks, considerable efforts have been spent on improving GNNs' structural encoding ability. A particular line of work proposed subgraph GNNs that use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Lecheng Kong , Jiarui Feng , Hao Liu , Dacheng Tao , Yixin Chen , Muhan Zhang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have advanced spatiotemporal forecasting by leveraging relational inductive biases among sensors (or any other measuring scheme) represented as nodes in a graph. However, current methods often rely on Recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Aref Einizade , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros , Jhony H. Giraldo

Deep learning has consistently defied state-of-the-art techniques in many fields over the last decade. However, we are just beginning to understand the capabilities of neural learning in symbolic domains. Deep learning architectures that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Henrique Lemos , Marcelo Prates , Pedro Avelar , Luis Lamb