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Although people are impressed by the content generation skills of large language models, the use of LLMs, such as ChatGPT, is limited by the domain grounding of the content. The correctness and groundedness of the generated content need to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Xiaofeng Zhu , Jaya Krishna Mandivarapu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in natural language generation but remain limited in knowle- dge-intensive tasks due to outdated or incomplete internal knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Dong Li , Yichen Niu , Ying Ai , Xiang Zou , Biqing Qi , Jianxing Liu

Text Generation aims to produce plausible and readable text in a human language from input data. The resurgence of deep learning has greatly advanced this field, in particular, with the help of neural generation models based on pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Junyi Li , Tianyi Tang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jian-Yun Nie , Ji-Rong Wen

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable strides in multimodal tasks such as visual question answering, visual grounding, and complex reasoning. However, they remain limited by static training data, susceptibility to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chan-Wei Hu , Yueqi Wang , Shuo Xing , Chia-Ju Chen , Suofei Feng , Ryan Rossi , Zhengzhong Tu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet they face inherent limitations such as constrained parametric knowledge and high retraining costs. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) augments the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Leqian Li , Dianxi Shi , Jialu Zhou , Xinyu Wei , Mingyue Yang , Songchang Jin , Shaowu Yang

Large Language Models have been increasingly employed in the creation of Virtual Assistants due to their ability to generate human-like text and handle complex inquiries. While these models hold great promise, challenges such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Dumitru Verşebeniuc , Martijn Elands , Sara Falahatkar , Chiara Magrone , Mohammad Falah , Martijn Boussé , Aki Härmä

The Retrieval-Augmented Language Model (RALM) has shown remarkable performance on knowledge-intensive tasks by incorporating external knowledge during inference, which mitigates the factual hallucinations inherited in large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Yuan Xia , Jingbo Zhou , Zhenhui Shi , Jun Chen , Haifeng Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionised the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and have achieved state-of-the-art performance in practically every task in this field. However, the prevalent approach used in text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Nicolo Micheletti , Samuel Belkadi , Lifeng Han , Goran Nenadic

Modern large language models (LLMs) are powerful generators driven by statistical next-token prediction. While effective at producing fluent text, this design biases models toward high-probability continuations rather than exhaustive and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhaoyang Chen , Cody Fleming

Data-to-Text Generation (DTG) is a subfield of Natural Language Generation aiming at transcribing structured data in natural language descriptions. The field has been recently boosted by the use of neural-based generators which exhibit on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Clément Rebuffel , Marco Roberti , Laure Soulier , Geoffrey Scoutheeten , Rossella Cancelliere , Patrick Gallinari

Recent advances of powerful Language Models have allowed Natural Language Generation (NLG) to emerge as an important technology that can not only perform traditional tasks like summarisation or translation, but also serve as a natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Joris Baan , Nico Daheim , Evgenia Ilia , Dennis Ulmer , Haau-Sing Li , Raquel Fernández , Barbara Plank , Rico Sennrich , Chrysoula Zerva , Wilker Aziz

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to support various decision-making tasks, assisting humans in making informed decisions. However, when LLMs confidently provide incorrect information, it can lead humans to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Chaeyun Jang , Deukhwan Cho , Seanie Lee , Hyungi Lee , Juho Lee

Recent advances in large-scale pre-training such as GPT-3 allow seemingly high quality text to be generated from a given prompt. However, such generation systems often suffer from problems of hallucinated facts, and are not inherently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Yizhe Zhang , Siqi Sun , Xiang Gao , Yuwei Fang , Chris Brockett , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Bill Dolan

The reliability of large language models remains a critical challenge, particularly due to their susceptibility to hallucinations and factual inaccuracies during text generation. Existing solutions either underutilize models'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 YiQiu Guo , Yuchen Yang , Zhe Chen , Pingjie Wang , Yusheng Liao , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve strong multimodal reasoning performance, yet we identify a recurring failure mode in long-form generation: as outputs grow longer, models progressively drift away from image evidence and fall…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shuai Lv , Chang Liu , Feng Tang , Yujie Yuan , Aojun Zhou , Kui Zhang , Xi Yang , Yangqiu Song

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel in many areas, they struggle with complex spatial reasoning, which requires problem decomposition and strategic tool use. Fine-tuning smaller, more deployable models offers an efficient path to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Gio Huh , Dhruv Sheth , Rayhan Zirvi , Frank Xiao

This paper does not introduce a novel method but instead establishes a straightforward, incremental, yet essential baseline for video temporal grounding (VTG), a core capability in video understanding. While multimodal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jun Zhang , Teng Wang , Yuying Ge , Yixiao Ge , Xinhao Li , Ying Shan , Limin Wang

The large and ever-increasing amount of data available on the Internet coupled with the laborious task of manual claim and fact verification has sparked the interest in the development of automated claim verification systems. Several deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Alphaeus Dmonte , Roland Oruche , Marcos Zampieri , Prasad Calyam , Isabelle Augenstein

Leveraging text, images, structure maps, or motion trajectories as conditional guidance, diffusion models have achieved great success in automated and high-quality video generation. However, generating smooth and rational transition videos…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zuhao Yang , Jiahui Zhang , Yingchen Yu , Shijian Lu , Song Bai

Through reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), large language models have achieved substantial progress in domains with easily verifiable outcomes, such as mathematics and coding. However, when applied to more complex tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Qiyao Ma , Yunsheng Shi , Hongtao Tian , Chao Wang , Weiming Chang , Ting Yao