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Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are designed to optimize problem-solving by learning actions that maximize rewards, a task that becomes particularly challenging in random and nonstationary environments. Even advanced RL algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Sebastian Zieglmeier , Niklas Erdmann , Narada D. Warakagoda

Most existing learning-based methods for solving imaging inverse problems can be roughly divided into two classes: iterative algorithms, such as plug-and-play and diffusion methods leveraging pretrained denoisers, and unrolled architectures…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Matthieu Terris , Samuel Hurault , Maxime Song , Julian Tachella

Dealing with high variance is a significant challenge in model-free reinforcement learning (RL). Existing methods are unreliable, exhibiting high variance in performance from run to run using different initializations/seeds. Focusing on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Richard Cheng , Abhinav Verma , Gabor Orosz , Swarat Chaudhuri , Yisong Yue , Joel W. Burdick

At the core of self-supervised learning for vision is the idea of learning invariant or equivariant representations with respect to a set of data transformations. This approach, however, introduces strong inductive biases, which can render…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Sharut Gupta , Chenyu Wang , Yifei Wang , Tommi Jaakkola , Stefanie Jegelka

Contrastive representation learning seeks to acquire useful representations by estimating the shared information between multiple views of data. Here, the choice of data augmentation is sensitive to the quality of learned representations:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-18 Kyungmin Lee , Jinwoo Shin

Modern reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have found success by using powerful probabilistic models, such as transformers, energy-based models, and diffusion/flow-based models. To this end, RL researchers often choose to pay the price…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Raj Ghugare , Benjamin Eysenbach

Reinforcement learning (RL) has improved guided image generation with diffusion models by directly optimizing rewards that capture image quality, aesthetics, and instruction following capabilities. However, the resulting generative policies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Owen Oertell , Jonathan D. Chang , Yiyi Zhang , Kianté Brantley , Wen Sun

We present a generic and flexible Reinforcement Learning (RL) based meta-learning framework for the problem of few-shot learning. During training, it learns the best optimization algorithm to produce a learner (ranker/classifier, etc) by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Raviteja Anantha , Stephen Pulman , Srinivas Chappidi

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful approach for robot learning. However, model-free RL (MFRL) requires a large number of environment interactions to learn successful control policies. This is due to the noisy RL training updates and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Maria Krinner , Elie Aljalbout , Angel Romero , Davide Scaramuzza

Training visual reinforcement learning (RL) in practical scenarios presents a significant challenge, $\textit{i.e.,}$ RL agents suffer from low sample efficiency in environments with variations. While various approaches have attempted to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Qi Wang , Zhipeng Zhang , Baao Xie , Xin Jin , Yunbo Wang , Shiyu Wang , Liaomo Zheng , Xiaokang Yang , Wenjun Zeng

In visual recognition, both the object of interest (referred to as foreground, FG, for simplicity) and its surrounding context (background, BG) play an important role. However, standard supervised learning often leads to unintended…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Klara Janouskova , Cristian Gavrus , Jiri Matas

Image harmonization task aims at harmonizing different composite foreground regions according to specific background image. Previous methods would rather focus on improving the reconstruction ability of the generator by some internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Jingtang Liang , Chi-Man Pun

We design a new iterative algorithm, called REINFORCE-OPT, for solving a general type of optimization problems. This algorithm parameterizes the solution search rule and iteratively updates the parameter using a reinforcement learning (RL)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Chen Xu , Yun-Bin Zhao , Zhipeng Lu , Ye Zhang

We propose a general formulation for addressing reinforcement learning (RL) problems in settings with observational data. That is, we consider the problem of learning good policies solely from historical data in which unobserved factors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Chaochao Lu , Bernhard Schölkopf , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Recently, model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have been shown to solve challenging problems by learning from extensive interaction with the environment. A significant issue with transferring this success to the robotics domain is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-30 Jake Bruce , Niko Suenderhauf , Piotr Mirowski , Raia Hadsell , Michael Milford

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) offers a powerful and general framework for learning humans' latent preferences in route recommendation, yet no approach has successfully addressed planetary-scale problems with hundreds of millions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Matt Barnes , Matthew Abueg , Oliver F. Lange , Matt Deeds , Jason Trader , Denali Molitor , Markus Wulfmeier , Shawn O'Banion

Recently, reinforcement learning models have achieved great success, completing complex tasks such as mastering Go and other games with higher scores than human players. Many of these models collect considerable data on the tasks and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Hanten Chang , Katsuya Futagami

Data augmentation has been proven to be an effective technique for developing machine learning models that are robust to known classes of distributional shifts (e.g., rotations of images), and alignment regularization is a technique often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Haohan Wang , Zeyi Huang , Xindi Wu , Eric P. Xing

Person re-identification (ReID) aims at searching the same identity person among images captured by various cameras. Unsupervised person ReID attracts a lot of attention recently, due to it works without intensive manual annotation and thus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Bo Pang , Deming Zhai , Junjun Jiang , Xianming Liu

Contrastive Learning (CL) has been proved to be a powerful self-supervised approach for a wide range of domains, including computer vision and graph representation learning. However, the incremental learning issue of CL has rarely been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Cheng Ji , Jianxin Li , Hao Peng , Jia Wu , Xingcheng Fu , Qingyun Sun , Phillip S. Yu