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Multi-agent systems (MAS) are widely prevalent and crucially important in numerous real-world applications, where multiple agents must make decisions to achieve their objectives in a shared environment. Despite their ubiquity, the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

There is a growing interest in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) as the first steps towards building general intelligent agents that learn to make low and high-level decisions in non-stationary complex environments in the presence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Marco Jerome Gasparrini , Ricard Solé , Martí Sánchez-Fibla

Multi-agent cooperation is an important feature of the natural world. Many tasks involve individual incentives that are misaligned with the common good, yet a wide range of organisms from bacteria to insects and humans are able to overcome…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Jane X. Wang , Edward Hughes , Chrisantha Fernando , Wojciech M. Czarnecki , Edgar A. Duenez-Guzman , Joel Z. Leibo

Object-centric representations have recently enabled significant progress in tackling relational reasoning tasks. By building a strong object-centric inductive bias into neural architectures, recent efforts have improved generalization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Wenling Shang , Lasse Espeholt , Anton Raichuk , Tim Salimans

In real-world environments, autonomous agents rely on their egocentric observations. They must learn adaptive strategies to interact with others who possess mixed motivations, discernible only through visible cues. Several Multi-Agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Violet Xiang , Logan Cross , Jan-Philipp Fränken , Nick Haber

With recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), Agentic AI has become phenomenal in real-world applications, moving toward multiple LLM-based agents to perceive, learn, reason, and act collaboratively. These LLM-based Multi-Agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Khanh-Tung Tran , Dung Dao , Minh-Duong Nguyen , Quoc-Viet Pham , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) is commonly considered to suffer from non-stationary environments and exponentially increasing policy space. It would be even more challenging when rewards are sparse and delayed over long…

This paper proposes an exploration technique for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) with graph-based communication among agents. We assume the individual rewards received by the agents are independent of the actions by the other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ainur Zhaikhan , Ali H. Sayed

Connected and autonomous vehicles across land, water, and air must often operate in dynamic, unpredictable environments with limited communication, no centralized control, and partial observability. These real-world constraints pose…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hung Du , Hy Nguyen , Srikanth Thudumu , Rajesh Vasa , Kon Mouzakis

The majority of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) literature equates the cooperation of self-interested agents in mixed environments to the problem of social welfare maximization, allowing agents to arbitrarily share rewards and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Dmitry Ivanov , Ilya Zisman , Kirill Chernyshev

The cooperation among AI systems, and between AI systems and humans is becoming increasingly important. In various real-world tasks, an agent needs to cooperate with unknown partner agent types. This requires the agent to assess the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Antti Keurulainen , Isak Westerlund , Ariel Kwiatkowski , Samuel Kaski , Alexander Ilin

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved great progress in cooperative tasks in recent years. However, in the local reward scheme, where only local rewards for each agent are given without global rewards shared by all the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yunbo Qiu , Yue Jin , Lebin Yu , Jian Wang , Xudong Zhang

Learning to cooperate in distributed partially observable environments with no communication abilities poses significant challenges for multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MARL). This paper addresses key concerns in this domain,…

The performance of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in partially observable environments depends on effectively aggregating information from observations, communications, and reward signals. While most existing multi-agent systems…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Qinwei Huang , Stefan Wang , Simon Khan , Garrett Katz , Qinru Qiu

Information theoretic sensor management approaches are an ideal solution to state estimation problems when considering the optimal control of multi-agent systems, however they are too computationally intensive for large state spaces,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-02-02 William A. Dawson , Ruben Glatt , Edward Rusu , Braden C. Soper , Ryan A. Goldhahn

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) extends (single-agent) reinforcement learning (RL) by introducing additional agents and (potentially) partial observability of the environment. Consequently, algorithms for solving MARL problems…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Yilun Zhou , Derrik E. Asher , Nicholas R. Waytowich , Julie A. Shah

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a powerful paradigm for solving cooperative and competitive decision-making problems. While many MARL benchmarks have been proposed, few combine continuous state and action spaces with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Artem Pshenitsyn , Aleksandr Panov , Alexey Skrynnik

Exploration efficiency is a challenging problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), as the policy learned by confederate MARL depends on the collaborative approach among multiple agents. Another important problem is the less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Qisheng Wang , Qichao Wang

This paper proposes a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) approach to learn dynamic dispatching strategies, which is crucial for optimizing throughput in material handling systems across diverse industries. To benchmark our method, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Xian Yeow Lee , Haiyan Wang , Daisuke Katsumata , Takaharu Matsui , Chetan Gupta

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has emerged as a useful approach to solving decentralised decision-making problems at scale. Research in the field has been growing steadily with many breakthrough algorithms proposed in recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Rihab Gorsane , Omayma Mahjoub , Ruan de Kock , Roland Dubb , Siddarth Singh , Arnu Pretorius