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Centralised training with decentralised execution (CT-DE) serves as the foundation of many leading multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms. Despite its popularity, it suffers from a critical drawback due to its reliance on…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Taher Jafferjee , Juliusz Ziomek , Tianpei Yang , Zipeng Dai , Jianhong Wang , Matthew Taylor , Kun Shao , Jun Wang , David Mguni

This paper presents the network load balancing problem, a challenging real-world task for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods. Traditional heuristic solutions like Weighted-Cost Multi-Path (WCMP) and Local Shortest Queue (LSQ)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Zhiyuan Yao , Zihan Ding , Thomas Clausen

Single-Agent (SA) Reinforcement Learning systems have shown outstanding re-sults on non-stationary problems. However, Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning(MARL) can surpass SA systems generally and when scaling. Furthermore, MAsystems can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Philipp Dominic Siedler

One of the challenges for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is designing efficient learning algorithms for a large system in which each agent has only limited or partial information of the entire system. While exciting progress has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Haotian Gu , Xin Guo , Xiaoli Wei , Renyuan Xu

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) heavily rely on a variety of well-designed benchmarks, which provide environmental platforms and consistent criteria to evaluate existing and novel algorithms. Specifically, in multi-agent RL…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Wenzhe Li , Zihan Ding , Seth Karten , Chi Jin

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping strategic planning, with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) enabling coordination among autonomous agents in complex scenarios. However, its practical deployment in sensitive military…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Ardian Selmonaj , Alessandro Antonucci , Adrian Schneider , Michael Rüegsegger , Matthias Sommer

Benchmarks play a crucial role in the development and analysis of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, with environment availability strongly impacting research. One particularly underexplored intersection is continual learning (CL) in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Tristan Tomilin , Luka van den Boogaard , Samuel Garcin , Bram Grooten , Meng Fang , Yali Du , Mykola Pechenizkiy

A major challenge of reinforcement learning (RL) in real-world applications is the variation between environments, tasks or clients. Meta-RL (MRL) addresses this issue by learning a meta-policy that adapts to new tasks. Standard MRL methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Ido Greenberg , Shie Mannor , Gal Chechik , Eli Meirom

Active Learning (AL) is an active domain of research, but is seldom used in the industry despite the pressing needs. This is in part due to a misalignment of objectives, while research strives at getting the best results on selected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Alexandre Abraham , Léo Dreyfus-Schmidt

Real economies can be modeled as a sequential imperfect-information game with many heterogeneous agents, such as consumers, firms, and governments. Dynamic general equilibrium (DGE) models are often used for macroeconomic analysis in this…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Michael Curry , Alexander Trott , Soham Phade , Yu Bai , Stephan Zheng

Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning (MORL) is a generalization of traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) that aims to optimize multiple, often conflicting objectives simultaneously rather than focusing on a single reward. This approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Davide Guidobene , Lorenzo Benedetti , Diego Arapovic

Decentralized combinatorial optimization in evolving multi-agent systems poses significant challenges, requiring agents to balance long-term decision-making, short-term optimized collective outcomes, while preserving autonomy of interactive…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Chuhao Qin , Evangelos Pournaras

This paper develops a novel multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework for reinsurance treaty bidding, addressing long-standing inefficiencies in traditional broker-mediated placement processes. We pose the core research question:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Stella C. Dong , James R. Finlay

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved notable success in cooperative tasks, demonstrating impressive performance and scalability. However, deploying MARL agents in real-world applications presents critical safety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Zeyang Li , Navid Azizan

The rapidly changing architecture and functionality of electrical networks and the increasing penetration of renewable and distributed energy resources have resulted in various technological and managerial challenges. These have rendered…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Sarah Keren , Chaimaa Essayeh , Stefano V. Albrecht , Thomas Morstyn

In this work, we introduce a novel perspective, i.e., dimensional analysis, to address the challenge of communication efficiency in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). Our findings reveal that simply optimizing the content and timing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chuxiong Sun , Peng He , Rui Wang , Changwen Zheng

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) plays a pivotal role in tackling real-world challenges. However, the seamless transition of trained policies from simulations to real-world requires it to be robust to various environmental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Aakriti Agrawal , Rohith Aralikatti , Yanchao Sun , Furong Huang

The availability of challenging simulation environments is pivotal for advancing the field of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). In cooperative MARL settings, the StarCraft Multi-Agent Challenge (SMAC) has gained prominence as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Yue Deng , Yan Yu , Weiyu Ma , Zirui Wang , Wenhui Zhu , Jian Zhao , Yin Zhang

In this paper, we study the cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) problems using Reward Machines (RMs) to specify the reward functions such that the prior knowledge of high-level events in a task can be leveraged to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xuejing Zheng , Chao Yu

Many recent successful off-policy multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms for cooperative partially observable environments focus on finding factorized value functions, leading to convoluted network structures. Building on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Raphaël Avalos , Mathieu Reymond , Ann Nowé , Diederik M. Roijers