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A prominent weakness of modern language models (LMs) is their tendency to generate factually incorrect text, which hinders their usability. A natural question is whether such factual errors can be detected automatically. Inspired by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Roi Cohen , May Hamri , Mor Geva , Amir Globerson

Through a controlled study, we identify a systematic deficiency in the multimodal grounding of Vision Language Models (VLMs). While VLMs can recall factual associations when provided a textual reference to an entity; their ability to do so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Dhananjay Ashok , Ashutosh Chaubey , Hirona J. Arai , Jonathan May , Jesse Thomason

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to enhance the effectiveness of enriching item descriptions, thereby improving the accuracy of recommendation systems. However, most existing approaches either rely on text-only prompting or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hanjia Lyu , Ryan Rossi , Xiang Chen , Md Mehrab Tanjim , Stefano Petrangeli , Somdeb Sarkhel , Jiebo Luo

Segmentation based on language has been a popular topic in computer vision. While recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have endowed segmentation systems with reasoning capabilities, these efforts remain confined by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Tianming Liang , Qirui Du , Jian-Fang Hu , Haichao Jiang , Zicheng Lin , Wei-Shi Zheng

Masked language modeling (MLM) is one of the key sub-tasks in vision-language pretraining. In the cross-modal setting, tokens in the sentence are masked at random, and the model predicts the masked tokens given the image and the text. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Yonatan Bitton , Gabriel Stanovsky , Michael Elhadad , Roy Schwartz

Open-Vocabulary Camouflaged Object Segmentation (OVCOS) seeks to segment and classify camouflaged objects from arbitrary categories, presenting unique challenges due to visual ambiguity and unseen categories.Recent approaches typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Kai Zhao , Wubang Yuan , Zheng Wang , Guanyi Li , Xiaoqiang Zhu , Deng-ping Fan , Dan Zeng

The rapid rise of synthetic media has made deepfake detection a critical challenge for online safety and trust. Progress remains constrained by the scarcity of large, high-quality datasets. Although multimodal large language models (LLMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Tuan Nguyen , Naseem Khan , Khang Tran , NhatHai Phan , Issa Khalil

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved remarkable progress in general-purpose vision--language understanding, yet they remain limited in tasks requiring precise object-level grounding, fine-grained spatial reasoning, and controllable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuqian Yuan , Wenqiao Zhang , Juekai Lin , Yu Zhong , Mingjian Gao , Binhe Yu , Yunqi Cao , Wentong Li , Yueting Zhuang , Beng Chin Ooi

When captioning an image, people describe objects in diverse ways, such as by using different terms and/or including details that are perceptually noteworthy to them. Descriptions can be especially unique across languages and cultures.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Kyle Buettner , Jacob T. Emmerson , Adriana Kovashka

Large language models (LLMs) have been effectively used for many computer vision tasks, including image classification. In this paper, we present a simple yet effective approach for zero-shot image classification using multimodal LLMs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Abdelrahman Abdelhamed , Mahmoud Afifi , Alec Go

Referring segmentation grounds natural-language queries to pixel-level masks, but extending it to complex scenarios with multiple instances, cross-category groups, or open-ended target sets remains challenging. Previous Large Vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zhixiong Zhang , Yizhuo Li , Shuangrui Ding , Yuhang Zang , Shengyuan Ding , Long Xing , Yibin Wang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Jiaqi Wang

Integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into visual domain tasks, resulting in visual-LLMs (V-LLMs), has enabled exceptional performance in vision-language tasks, particularly for visual question answering (VQA). However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Kanchana Ranasinghe , Satya Narayan Shukla , Omid Poursaeed , Michael S. Ryoo , Tsung-Yu Lin

Specular reflections pose a significant challenge for object segmentation, as their sharp intensity transitions often mislead both conventional algorithms and deep learning based methods. However, as the specular reflection must lie on the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Katja Kossira , Yunxuan Zhu , Jürgen Seiler , André Kaup

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in complex visual tasks through the integration of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, in Video Question Answering, extended thinking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Xiaokun Sun , Yubo Wang , Haoyu Cao , Linli Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across various tasks. However, current training approaches combine standard cross-entropy loss with extensive data, human feedback, or ad hoc methods to enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Daniele Rege Cambrin , Giuseppe Gallipoli , Irene Benedetto , Luca Cagliero , Paolo Garza

Multimodal language models possess a remarkable ability to handle an open-vocabulary's worth of objects. Yet the best models still suffer from hallucinations when reasoning about scenes in the real world, revealing a gap between their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Candace Ross , Florian Bordes , Adina Williams , Polina Kirichenko , Mark Ibrahim

We address the problem of segmenting an object given a natural language expression that describes it. Current techniques tackle this task by either (\textit{i}) directly or recursively merging linguistic and visual information in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Edgar Margffoy-Tuay , Juan C. Pérez , Emilio Botero , Pablo Arbeláez

We present an approach for jointly matching and segmenting object instances of the same category within a collection of images. In contrast to existing algorithms that tackle the tasks of semantic matching and object co-segmentation in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Yun-Chun Chen , Yen-Yu Lin , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Jia-Bin Huang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have witnessed remarkable growth, showcasing formidable capabilities in handling intricate multimodal tasks with exceptional performance. Recent research has underscored the inclination of large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Haiqi Yang , Jinzhe Li , Gengxu Li , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Although Transformers with fully connected self-attentions are powerful to model long-term dependencies, they are struggling to scale to long texts with thousands of words in language modeling. One of the solutions is to equip the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Haozhe Ji , Rongsheng Zhang , Zhenyu Yang , Zhipeng Hu , Minlie Huang