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The rise of advanced persistent threats (APTs) has marked a significant cybersecurity challenge, characterized by sophisticated orchestration, stealthy execution, extended persistence, and targeting valuable assets across diverse sectors.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yuntao Wang , Han Liu , Zhendong Li , Zhou Su , Jiliang Li

The rapid evolution of malware has necessitated the development of sophisticated detection methods that go beyond traditional signature-based approaches. Graph learning techniques have emerged as powerful tools for modeling and analyzing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Hossein Shokouhinejad , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Hesamodin Mohammadian , Mahdi Rabbani , Samuel Ansong , Griffin Higgins , Ali A Ghorbani

Malware analysis techniques are divided into static and dynamic analysis. Both techniques can be bypassed by circumvention techniques such as obfuscation. In a series of works, the authors have promoted the use of symbolic executions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Charles-Henry Bertrand Van Ouytsel , Axel Legay

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attack usually refers to the form of long-term, covert and sustained attack on specific targets, with an adversary using advanced attack techniques to destroy the key facilities of an organization. APT…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Tiantian Zhu , Jinkai Yu , Tieming Chen , Jiayu Wang , Jie Ying , Ye Tian , Mingqi Lv , Yan Chen , Yuan Fan , Ting Wang

Prompt-driven image analysis converts a single natural-language instruction into multiple steps: locate, segment, edit, and describe. We present a practical case study of a unified pipeline that combines open-vocabulary detection,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Kaleem Ahmad

The escalating sophistication of cyber-attacks and the widespread utilization of stealth tactics have led to significant security threats globally. Nevertheless, the existing static detection methods exhibit limited coverage, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jian Wang , Lingzhi Wang , Husheng Yu , Xiangmin Shen , Yan Chen

Control Flow Graphs and Function Call Graphs have become pivotal in providing a detailed understanding of program execution and effectively characterizing the behavior of malware. These graph-based representations, when combined with Graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Hesamodin Mohammadian , Griffin Higgins , Samuel Ansong , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Ali A. Ghorbani

As businesses increasingly adopt cloud technologies, they also need to be aware of new security challenges, such as server-side script attacks, to ensure the integrity of their systems and data. These scripts can steal data, compromise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Ecenaz Erdemir , Kyuhong Park , Michael J. Morais , Vianne R. Gao , Marion Marschalek , Yi Fan

It is needed to ensure the integrity of systems that process sensitive information and control many aspects of everyday life. We examine the use of machine learning algorithms to detect malware using the system calls generated by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Michael R. Smith , Joe B. Ingram , Christopher C. Lamb , Timothy J. Draelos , Justin E. Doak , James B. Aimone , Conrad D. James

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are difficult to detect due to their complexity and stealthiness. To mitigate such attacks, many approaches model entities and their relationship using provenance graphs to detect the stealthy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Wenhao Yan , Ning An , Wei Qiao , Weiheng Wu , Bo Jiang , Zhigang Lu , Baoxu Liu , Junrong Liu

In the rapidly evolving field of business process management, there is a growing need for analytical tools that can transform complex data into actionable insights. This research introduces a novel approach by integrating Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Mehrdad Agha Mohammad Ali Kermani , Hamid Reza Seddighi , Mehrdad Maghsoudi

The malware booming is a cyberspace equal to the effect of climate change to ecosystems in terms of danger. In the case of significant investments in cybersecurity technologies and staff training, the global community has become locked up…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Ishita Gupta , Sneha Kumari , Priya Jha , Mohona Ghosh

Malware analysis is a complex process of examining and evaluating malicious software's functionality, origin, and potential impact. This arduous process typically involves dissecting the software to understand its components, infection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Brandon J Walton , Mst Eshita Khatun , James M Ghawaly , Aisha Ali-Gombe

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are stealthy customized attacks by intelligent adversaries. This paper deals with the detection of APTs that infiltrate cyber systems and compromise specifically targeted data and/or infrastructures.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Shana Moothedath , Dinuka Sahabandu , Joey Allen , Andrew Clark , Linda Bushnell , Wenke Lee , Radha Poovendran

Language model attacks typically assume one of two extreme threat models: full white-box access to model weights, or black-box access limited to a text generation API. However, real-world APIs are often more flexible than just text…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Kellin Pelrine , Mohammad Taufeeque , Michał Zając , Euan McLean , Adam Gleave

The rapid growth of Cloud Computing and Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly increased the interconnection of computational resources, creating an environment where malicious software (malware) can spread rapidly. To address this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Themistoklis Diamantopoulos , Dimosthenis Natsos , Andreas L. Symeonidis

In this paper, we propose a framework for early-stage malware detection and mitigation by leveraging natural language processing (NLP) techniques and machine learning algorithms. Our primary contribution is presenting an approach for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Zahra Jamadi , Amir G. Aghdam

Advanced persistent threats (APT) are stealthy cyber-attacks that are aimed at stealing valuable information from target organizations and tend to extend in time. Blocking all APTs is impossible, security experts caution, hence the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Ghita Berrada , James Cheney , Petko Valtchev

One of the pivotal security threats for the embedded computing systems is malicious software a.k.a malware. With efficiency and efficacy, Machine Learning (ML) has been widely adopted for malware detection in recent times. Despite being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Sreenitha Kasarapu , Sanket Shukla , Rakibul Hassan , Avesta Sasan , Houman Homayoun , Sai Manoj Pudukotai Dinakarrao

Objective: This study quantifies the capabilities of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 for clinical named entity recognition (NER) tasks and proposes task-specific prompts to improve their performance. Materials and Methods: We evaluated these models on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Yan Hu , Qingyu Chen , Jingcheng Du , Xueqing Peng , Vipina Kuttichi Keloth , Xu Zuo , Yujia Zhou , Zehan Li , Xiaoqian Jiang , Zhiyong Lu , Kirk Roberts , Hua Xu