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Modern distributed data management systems face a new challenge: how can autonomous, mutually-distrusting parties cooperate safely and effectively? Addressing this challenge brings up questions familiar from classical distributed systems:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Maurice Herlihy , Barbara Liskov , Liuba Shrira

Blockchain technology is an interlinked systematic chain of blocks that contains transaction history and other user data. It works under the principle of decentralized distributed digital ledger. This technology enables cryptographically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-25 AKM Bahalul Haque , Mahbubur Rahman

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in the blockchain technology, and many blockchain-based applications have been developed to take advantage of its decentralization, transparency, fault tolerance, and strong security. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Yihao Guo , Zhiguo Wan , Xiuzhen Cheng

Blockchain is a type of decentralized distributed database. Unlike traditional relational database management systems, it does not require management or maintenance by a third party. All data management and update processes are open and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jiaqi Huang , Yuanzheng Niu , Xiaoqi Li , Zongwei Li

The application of Bitcoin enables people to understand blockchain technology gradually. Bitcoin is a decentralized currency that does not rely on third-party credit institutions, and the core of Bitcoin's underlying technology is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yuhuan Yang , Shipeng Ye , Xiaoqi Li

Blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum execute payment transactions securely, but their performance is limited by the need for global consensus. Payment networks overcome this limitation through off-chain transactions. Instead of writing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Joshua Lind , Oded Naor , Ittay Eyal , Florian Kelbert , Peter Pietzuch , Emin Gun Sirer

The state-of-the-art approach to manage blockchains is to process blocks of transactions in a shared-nothing environment. Although blockchains have the potential to provide various services for high-performance computing (HPC) systems, HPC…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Abdullah Al-Mamun , Dongfang Zhao

Blockchain is a novel technology that is rising a lot of interest in the industrial and re- search sectors because its properties of decentralisation, immutability and data integrity. Initially, the underlying consensus mechanism has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Stefano De Angelis

In recent years, the advancement in modern technologies has experienced an explosion of huge data sets being captured and recorded in different fields, but also given rise to concerns the security and protection of data storage,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Uchi Ugobame Uchibeke , Sara Hosseinzadeh Kassani , Kevin A. Schneider , Ralph Deters

Blockchain and blockchain-inspired decentralized applications are on the rise thanks to their unique characteristics such as their decentralized nature, anonymity, and tamper-proof nature; however, blockchain transactions tend to experience…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yi Lyu

Blockchain technologies can enable secure computing environments among mistrusting parties. Permissioned blockchains are particularly enlightened by companies, enterprises, and government agencies due to their efficiency, customizability,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Minghui Xu , Shuo Liu , Dongxiao Yu , Xiuzhen Cheng , Shaoyong Guo , Jiguo Yu

Decentralized blockchain platforms have enabled the secure exchange of crypto-assets without the intermediation of trusted authorities. To this purpose, these platforms rely on a peer-to-peer network of byzantine nodes, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Massimo Bartoletti , Letterio Galletta , Maurizio Murgia

Blockchain consensus is a state whereby each node in a network agrees on the current state of the blockchain. Existing protocols achieve consensus via a contest or voting procedure to select one node as a dictator to propose new blocks.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-06-22 Joshua S. Gans , Richard Holden

The cybersecurity of modern systems has dramatically increased attention from both industrial and academia perspectives. In the recent era, the popularity of the blockchain-based system has traditionally been emergent among various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Abdul Khalique Shaikh A. K. Al-Alawi , L. R. , Al-Busaidi , R. , Shaikh

A blockchain replaces central counterparties with time-consuming consensus protocols to record the transfer of ownership. This settlement latency slows cross-exchange trading, exposing arbitrageurs to price risk. Off-chain settlement,…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-10-20 Nikolaus Hautsch , Christoph Scheuch , Stefan Voigt

The once mythological 51% attack has moved beyond the hypothetical and now poses a legitimate widespread threat to blockchain technology. Current blockchains provide inferior throughput capacity when compared to that of centralized systems,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Minjun Kim , Sina Falaki

Supply chain traceability refers to product tracking from the source to customers, demanding transparency, authenticity, and high efficiency. In recent years, blockchain has been widely adopted in supply chain traceability to provide…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Hanqing Wu , Shan Jiang , Jiannong Cao

Smart contracts, the cornerstone of blockchain technology, enable secure, automated distributed execution. Given their role in handling large transaction volumes across clients, miners, and validators, exploring concurrency is critical.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Atefeh Zareh Chahoki , Maurice Herlihy , Marco Roveri

Consensus is unnecessary when the truth is available. In this paper, we present a new perspective of rebuilding the blockchain without consensus. When the consensus phase is eliminated from a blockchain, transactions could be canonized…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Qing Wang , Jian Zheng , Huawei Huang , Jianru Lin

In the past decade, blockchain has shown a promising vision greatly to build the trust without any powerful third party in a secure, decentralized and salable manner. However, due to the wide application and future development from…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Bin Cao , Zixin Wang , Long Zhang , Daquan Feng , Mugen Peng , Lei Zhang