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Related papers: On Sequences with Exponentially Distributed Gaps

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De, Trevisan and Tulsiani [CRYPTO 2010] show that every distribution over $n$-bit strings which has constant statistical distance to uniform (e.g., the output of a pseudorandom generator mapping $n-1$ to $n$ bit strings), can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-01 Krzysztof Pietrzak , Maciej Skorski

One of the most elusive challenges within the area of topological data analysis is understanding the distribution of persistence diagrams. Despite much effort, this is still largely an open problem. In this paper, we present a series of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-11 Omer Bobrowski , Primoz Skraba

The well known Three Gap Theorem states that there are at most three gap sizes in the sequence of fractional parts $\{\alpha n\}_{n<N}$ . It is known that if one averages over {\alpha}, the distribution becomes continuous. We present an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-01 Geremías Polanco , Daniel Schultz , Alexandru Zaharescu

This paper addresses the question of the fluctuations of the empirical entropy of a chain of infinite order. We assume that the chain takes values on a finite alphabet and loses memory exponentially fast. We consider two possible…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Gabrielli , A. Galves , D. Guiol

For a sequence of nonnegative random variables, we provide simple necessary and sufficient conditions to ensure that each sequence of its forward convex combinations converges in probability to the same limit. These conditions correspond to…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-02-04 Constantinos Kardaras , Gordan Zitkovic

We prove {\em sign equidistribution} of Legendre polynomials: the ratio between the lengths of the regions in the interval $[-1, 1]$ where the Legendre polynomial assumes positive versus negative values, converges to one as the degree…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Ángel D. Martínez , Francisco Torres de Lizaur

We prove an entropy version of van der Corput's difference theorem: the entropy of a sequence is equal to the entropy of its differences. This reveals a potential correspondence between the theory of uniform distribution mod 1 and entropy.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Weichen Gu , Xiang Li

We consider the general branching random walk under minimal assumptions, which in particular guarantee that the empirical particle distribution admits an almost sure central limit theorem. For such a process, we study the large time decay…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-12-07 Oren Louidor , Eliad Tsairi

The three gap theorem was originally a conjecture by Steinhaus, who asserted that there are at most three distinct gap lengths in the fractional parts of the sequence {\alpha},{2}{\alpha},{\cdots},{N}{\alpha} for any integer {N} and real…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-22 Huixing Zhang

We show that in a sample of size $n$ from a GEM$(0,\theta)$ random discrete distribution, the gaps $G_{i:n}:= X_{n-i+1:n} - X_{n-i:n}$ between order statistics $X_{1:n} \le \cdots \le X_{n:n}$ of the sample, with the convention $G_{n:n} :=…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-01-24 Jim Pitman , Yuri Yakubovich

In this paper, we give some conditions, under which, if an infinitely divisible distribution supported on $[0,\infty)$ belongs to the intersection of exponential distribution class $\mathcal{L}(\gamma)$ for some $\gamma\ge0$ and generalised…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-01 Yuebao Wang , Zhaolei Cui , Hui Xu

We establish a non-Archimedean analogue of Koksma's theorem. For a local field F of characteristic zero, we prove that the sequence ([{\alpha}x^n]) is uniformly distributed in the valuation ring O for almost every x with |x|_p>1. In the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Aihua Fan , Shilei Fan , Hanfei Ye

This paper investigates what can be inferred about an arbitrary continuous probability distribution from a finite sample of $N$ observations drawn from it. The central finding is that the $N$ sorted sample points partition the real line…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-30 Urban Eriksson

We show that an arbitrary probability distribution can be represented in exponential form. In physical contexts, this implies that the equilibrium distribution of any classical or quantum dynamical system is expressible in grand canonical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-10-25 Dorje C. Brody

We prove the following exponential inequality: Let $n\geq 1$ and let $X_1,...,X_n$ be $n$ independent identically distributed symmetric real-valued random variables. For any $x,y>0$, we have \[\mathbb{P}\big({X_1+...+X_n}\geq x,\,…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-21 Raphaël Cerf , Matthias Gorny

A number of writers have supposed that for the full specification of belief, higher order probabilities are required. Some have even supposed that there may be an unending sequence of higher order probabilities of probabilities of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Henry E. Kyburg

We give an extension of a criterion of van der Corput on uniform distribution of sequences. Namely, we prove that a sequence $x_n$ is uniformly distributed modulo 1 if it is weakly monotonic and satisfies the conditions $\Delta^2x_n\to…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-08-14 Grigori Karagulyan , Iren Petrosyan

This is an erratum to 'On the quantitative distribution of polynomial nilsequences' [GT]. The proof of Theorem 8.6 of that paper, which claims a distribution result for multiparameter polynomial sequences on nilmanifolds, was incorrect. We…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-08-17 Ben Green , Terence Tao

The purpose of this article is to formulate a number of probabilistic hidden-variable theorems, to provide proofs in some cases, and counterexamples to some conjectured relationships. The first theorem is the fundamental one. It asserts the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Patrick Suppes , J. Acacio de Barros , Gary Oas

There are given characterizations of the exponential distribution by the properties of the independence of linear forms with random coefficients. Related results based on the constancy of regression of one statistic on a linear form are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-27 Lev B. Klebanov , Zeev E. Vol'kovich