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Training modern neural networks is an inherently noisy process that can lead to high \emph{prediction churn} -- disagreements between re-trainings of the same model due to factors such as randomization in the parameter initialization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Dara Bahri , Heinrich Jiang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are prominent in handling sparse and unstructured data efficiently and effectively. Specifically, GNNs were shown to be highly effective for node classification tasks, where labelled information is available for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Moshe Eliasof , Eldad Haber , Eran Treister

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have shown promising results in processing graph data by extracting structure-aware features. This gave rise to extensive work in geometric deep learning, focusing on designing network architectures that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Yimeng Min , Frederik Wenkel , Guy Wolf

Unsupervised graph representation learning aims to learn low-dimensional node embeddings without supervision while preserving graph topological structures and node attributive features. Previous graph neural networks (GNN) require a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Yanqiao Zhu , Yichen Xu , Feng Yu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Textual graphs are ubiquitous in real-world applications, featuring rich text information with complex relationships, which enables advanced research across various fields. Textual graph representation learning aims to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Wenbin Hu , Huihao Jing , Qi Hu , Haoran Li , Yangqiu Song

Hypergraphs are a generalized data structure of graphs to model higher-order correlations among entities, which have been successfully adopted into various research domains. Meanwhile, HyperGraph Neural Network (HGNN) is currently the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Jing Huang , Xiaolin Huang , Jie Yang

Node representation learning by using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has been widely explored. However, in recent years, compelling evidence has revealed that GNN-based node representation learning can be substantially deteriorated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Jun Zhuang , Mohammad Al Hasan

Recent works reveal that feature or label smoothing lies at the core of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Concretely, they show feature smoothing combined with simple linear regression achieves comparable performance with the carefully designed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Wentao Zhang , Mingyu Yang , Zeang Sheng , Yang Li , Wen Ouyang , Yangyu Tao , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

Label propagation is a powerful and flexible semi-supervised learning technique on graphs. Neural networks, on the other hand, have proven track records in many supervised learning tasks. In this work, we propose a training framework with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Thang D. Bui , Sujith Ravi , Vivek Ramavajjala

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful at solving graph classification tasks, yet applied problems often contain noisy labels. In this work, we study GNN robustness to label noise, demonstrate GNN failure modes when models struggle to…

Clustering techniques attempt to group objects with similar properties into a cluster. Clustering the nodes of an attributed graph, in which each node is associated with a set of feature attributes, has attracted significant attention.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Chaojie Ji , Hongwei Chen , Ruxin Wang , Yunpeng Cai , Hongyan Wu

Despite the great success of state-of-the-art deep neural networks, several studies have reported models to be over-confident in predictions, indicating miscalibration. Label Smoothing has been proposed as a solution to the over-confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Shuang Ao , Stefan Rueger , Advaith Siddharthan

Label smoothing loss is a widely adopted technique to mitigate overfitting in deep neural networks. This paper studies label smoothing from the perspective of Neural Collapse (NC), a powerful empirical and theoretical framework which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Li Guo , George Andriopoulos , Zifan Zhao , Shuyang Ling , Zixuan Dong , Keith Ross

In this paper, we study the factors that contribute to the effect of oversmoothing in deep Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Specifically, our analysis is based on a new metric (Mean Average Squared Distance - $MASED$) to quantify the extent of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Dimitrios Kelesis , Dimitris Fotakis , Georgios Paliouras

Imbalanced node classification in graph neural networks (GNNs) happens when some labels are much more common than others, which causes the model to learn unfairly and perform badly on the less common classes. To solve this problem, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Abdul Joseph Fofanah , Lian Wen , David Chen , Shaoyang Zhang

Label-noise or curated unlabeled data is used to compensate for the assumption of clean labeled data in training the conditional generative adversarial network; however, satisfying such an extended assumption is occasionally laborious or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Kai Katsumata , Duc Minh Vo , Tatsuya Harada , Hideki Nakayama

Oversmoothing has been claimed as a primary bottleneck for multi-layered graph neural networks (GNNs). Multiple analyses have examined how and why oversmoothing occurs. However, none of the prior work addressed how optimization is performed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 MoonJeong Park , Dongwoo Kim

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are shown to be successful in modeling applications with graph structures. However, training an accurate GNN model requires a large collection of labeled data and expressive features, which might be inaccessible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Ziniu Hu , Changjun Fan , Ting Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Yizhou Sun

Graph-based methods have been demonstrated as one of the most effective approaches for semi-supervised learning, as they can exploit the connectivity patterns between labeled and unlabeled data samples to improve learning performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Qimai Li , Xiao-Ming Wu , Han Liu , Xiaotong Zhang , Zhichao Guan

Graph signal processing (GSP) is a key tool for satisfying the growing demand for information processing over networks. However, the success of GSP in downstream learning and inference tasks is heavily dependent on the prior identification…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-29 Seyed Saman Saboksayr , Gonzalo Mateos , Mujdat Cetin