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We consider a Beckmann formulation of an unbalanced optimal transport (UOT) problem. The $\Gamma$-convergence of this formulation of UOT to the corresponding optimal transport (OT) problem is established as the balancing parameter $\alpha$…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-31 Zhe Xiong , Lei Li , Ya-Nan Zhu , Xiaoqun Zhang

Optimal transport (OT) theory can be informally described using the words of the French mathematician Gaspard Monge (1746-1818): A worker with a shovel in hand has to move a large pile of sand lying on a construction site. The goal of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-20 Gabriel Peyré , Marco Cuturi

An efficient method for computing solutions to the Optimal Transportation (OT) problem with a wide class of cost functions is presented. The standard linear programming (LP) discretization of the continuous problem becomes intractible for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-09-15 Adam M. Oberman , Yuanlong Ruan

The classical problem of optimal transportation can be formulated as a linear optimization problem on a convex domain: among all joint measures with fixed marginals find the optimal one, where optimality is measured against a cost function.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-11-29 Jonathan Korman , Robert J. McCann

We consider the additive version of the matrix denoising problem, where a random symmetric matrix $S$ of size $n$ has to be inferred from the observation of $Y=S+Z$, with $Z$ an independent random matrix modeling a noise. For prior…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-10-25 Guilhem Semerjian

The power and flexibility of Optimal Transport (OT) have pervaded a wide spectrum of problems, including recent Machine Learning challenges such as unsupervised domain adaptation. Its essence of quantitatively relating two probability…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Bo Jiang , Hamid Krim , Tianfu Wu , Derya Cansever

We study estimators of the optimal transport (OT) map between two probability distributions. We focus on plugin estimators derived from the OT map between estimates of the underlying distributions. We develop novel stability bounds for OT…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-19 Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Tudor Manole

It is well known that optimal transport suffers from the curse of dimensionality: when the prescribed marginals are approximated by i.i.d. samples, the convergence of the empirical optimal transport problem to the population counterpart…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Alberto González-Sanz , Eustasio del Barrio , Marcel Nutz

In this paper, we consider the problem of recovering the $W_2$-optimal transport map T between absolutely continuous measures $\mu,\nu\in\mathcal{P}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ as the flow of a linear-control neural ODE, where the control depends only…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Alessandro Scagliotti , Sara Farinelli

A normalizing flow is an invertible mapping between an arbitrary probability distribution and a standard normal distribution; it can be used for density estimation and statistical inference. Computing the flow follows the change of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Derek Onken , Samy Wu Fung , Xingjian Li , Lars Ruthotto

In this work, the authors address the Optimal Transport (OT) problem on graphs using a proximal stabilized Interior Point Method (IPM). In particular, strongly leveraging on the induced primal-dual regularization, the authors propose to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-12 Stefano Cipolla , Jacek Gondzio , Filippo Zanetti

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new numerical method to solve multi-marginal optimal transport problems with pairwise interaction costs. The complexity of multi-marginal optimal transport generally scales exponentially in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-08 Luca Nenna , Brendan Pass

Comparing time series in a principled manner requires capturing both temporal alignment and distributional similarity of features. Optimal transport (OT) has recently emerged as a powerful tool for this task, but existing OT-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-29 Thai P. D. Nguyen , Hong T. M. Chu , Kim-Chuan Toh

We introduce a new framework for data denoising, partially inspired by martingale optimal transport. For a given noisy distribution (the data), our approach involves finding the closest distribution to it among all distributions which 1)…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-03 Joshua Zoen-Git Hiew , Tongseok Lim , Brendan Pass , Marcelo Cruz de Souza

We propose a novel amortized optimization method for predicting optimal transport (OT) plans across multiple pairs of measures by leveraging Kantorovich potentials derived from sliced OT. We introduce two amortization strategies:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-17 Minh-Phuc Truong , Khai Nguyen

The need to reason about uncertainty in large, complex, and multi-modal datasets has become increasingly common across modern scientific environments. The ability to transform samples from one distribution $P$ to another distribution $Q$…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-30 Diego A. Mesa , Justin Tantiongloc , Marcela Mendoza , Todd P. Coleman

Optimal transport (OT) has become exceedingly popular in machine learning, data science, and computer vision. The core assumption in the OT problem is the equal total amount of mass in source and target measures, which limits its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Yikun Bai , Berhnard Schmitzer , Mathew Thorpe , Soheil Kolouri

Optimal transport (OT) barycenters are a mathematically grounded way of averaging probability distributions while capturing their geometric properties. In short, the barycenter task is to take the average of a collection of probability…

This paper considers the decentralized (discrete) optimal transport (D-OT) problem. In this setting, a network of agents seeks to design a transportation plan jointly, where the cost function is the sum of privately held costs for each…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Ivan Lau , Shiqian Ma , César A. Uribe

Denoiser models have become powerful tools for inverse problems, enabling the use of pretrained networks to approximate the score of a smoothed prior distribution. These models are often used in heuristic iterative schemes aimed at solving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Scott Pesme , Giacomo Meanti , Michael Arbel , Julien Mairal