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The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) has emerged as one of the most promising near-term quantum algorithms that can be used to simulate many-body systems such as molecular electronic structures. Serving as an attractive ansatz in the…

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm combines the ability of quantum computers to efficiently compute expectation values with a classical optimization routine in order to approximate ground state energies of quantum systems.…

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm, designed to calculate the energy of molecular ground states on near-term quantum computers, requires specification of symmetries that describe the system, e.g. spin state and number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-18 Gabriel Greene-Diniz , David Muñoz Ramo

Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms have been proposed as a potentially viable application of quantum computers. A particular example - the variational quantum eigensolver, or VQE - is designed to determine a global minimum in an energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Alexey Uvarov , Jacob Biamonte , Dmitry Yudin

The unitary coupled cluster (UCC) ansatz is a promising tool for achieving high-precision results using the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm in the NISQ era. However, results on quantum hardware are thus far very limited and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Mark R. Hirsbrunner , Diana Chamaki , J. Wayne Mullinax , Norm M. Tubman

Quantum computational chemistry has emerged as an important application of quantum computing. Hybrid quantum-classical computing methods, such as variational quantum eigensolvers (VQE), have been designed as promising solutions to quantum…

In recent years, variational quantum circuits (VQCs) have been widely explored to advance quantum circuits against classic models on various domains, such as quantum chemistry and quantum machine learning. Similar to classic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Jack Cunningham , Jun Zhuang

We propose an orbital optimized method for unitary coupled cluster theory (OO-UCC) within the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) framework for quantum computers. OO-UCC variationally determines the coupled cluster amplitudes and also…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-09-23 Wataru Mizukami , Kosuke Mitarai , Yuya O. Nakagawa , Takahiro Yamamoto , Tennin Yan , Yu-ya Ohnishi

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most appealing quantum algorithms to simulate electronic structure properties of molecules on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. In this work, we generalize the VQE…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-09 Jie Liu , Lingyun Wan , Zhenyu Li , Jinlong Yang

Hybrid quantum-classical approaches offer potential solutions to quantum chemistry problems, yet they often manifest as constrained optimization problems. Here, we explore the interconnection between constrained optimization and generalized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-27 Muqing Zheng , Bo Peng , Ang Li , Xiu Yang , Karol Kowalski

Unitary Coupled Cluster (UCC) approaches are an appealing route to utilising quantum hardware to perform quantum chemistry calculations, as quantum computers can in principle perform UCC calculations in a polynomially scaling fashion, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Maria-Andreea Filip , Nathan Fitzpatrick , David Muñoz Ramo , Alex J. W. Thom

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most promising algorithms to find eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a given Hamiltonian on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. A particular application is to obtain ground…

The unitary coupled cluster (UCC) algorithm is one of the most promising implementations of the variational quantum eigensolver for quantum computers. However, for large systems, the number of UCC factors leads to deep quantum circuits,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Jeremy Canfield , Dominika Zgid , J K Freericks

Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) for electronic structure calculations is believed to be one major potential application of near term quantum computing. Among all proposed VQE algorithms, the unitary coupled cluster singles and doubles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-13 Rongxin Xia , Sabre Kais

Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs) represent a powerful class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms for computing molecular energies. Various numerical issues exist for these methods, however, including barren plateaus and large…

Understanding complex chemical systems -- such as biomolecules, catalysts, and novel materials -- is a central goal of quantum simulations. Near-term strategies hinge on the use of variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithms combined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-02 Joshua Goings , Luning Zhao , Jacek Jakowski , Titus Morris , Raphael Pooser

The Coupled Cluster (CC) method is used to compute the electronic correlation energy in atoms and molecules and often leads to highly accurate results. However, due to its single-reference nature, standard CC in its projected form fails to…

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a fundamental algorithm in quantum computing, yet a coherent geometric characterization of VQE remains missing due to fragmented analyses across fixed-ansatz and adaptive-circuit formulations. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Zhen Qin

A large ongoing research effort focuses on Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs), representing leading candidates to achieve computational speed-ups on current quantum devices. The scalability of VQAs to a large number of qubits, beyond the…

The emerging field of quantum simulation of many-body systems is widely recognized as a very important application of quantum computing. A crucial step towards its realization in the context of many-electron systems requires a rigorous…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-08-23 Sumeet , V. S. Prasannaa , B. P. Das , B. K. Sahoo
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