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Security patches in open-source software, providing security fixes to identified vulnerabilities, are crucial in protecting against cyberattacks. Despite the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) publishes identified vulnerabilities, a vast…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Yaqin Zhou , Jing Kai Siow , Chenyu Wang , Shangqing Liu , Yang Liu

In modern software development, vulnerability detection is crucial due to the inevitability of bugs and vulnerabilities in complex software systems. Effective detection and elimination of these vulnerabilities during the testing phase are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Christopher Scherb , Luc Bryan Heitz , Hermann Grieder

Linux kernel stable versions serve the needs of users who value stability of the kernel over new features. The quality of such stable versions depends on the initiative of kernel developers and maintainers to propagate bug fixing patches to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Thong Hoang , Julia Lawall , Yuan Tian , Richard J Oentaryo , David Lo

Threats from the internet, particularly malicious software (i.e., malware) often use cryptographic algorithms to disguise their actions and even to take control of a victim's system (as in the case of ransomware). Malware and other threats…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-05 Diane Duros Hosfelt

Vulnerability identification is crucial to protect software systems from attacks for cyber-security. However, huge projects have more than millions of lines of code, and the complex dependencies make it hard to carry out traditional static…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Shuo Liu , Gail Kaiser

Security bugs are errors in code that, when exploited, can lead to serious software vulnerabilities. These bugs could allow an attacker to take over an application and steal information. One of the ways to address this issue is by means of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Tiago Espinha Gasiba , Samra Hodzic , Ulrike Lechner , Maria Pinto-Albuquerque

Open Source Software (OSS) security and resilience are worldwide phenomena hampering economic and technological innovation. OSS vulnerabilities can cause unauthorized access, data breaches, network disruptions, and privacy violations,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Nafis Tanveer Islam , Gonzalo De La Torre Parra , Dylan Manual , Murtuza Jadliwala , Peyman Najafirad

Learning distributed representations of source code has been a challenging task for machine learning models. Earlier works treated programs as text so that natural language methods can be readily applied. Unfortunately, such approaches do…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Yu Wang , Fengjuan Gao , Linzhang Wang , Ke Wang

Millions of open-source projects with numerous bug fixes are available in code repositories. This proliferation of software development histories can be leveraged to learn how to fix common programming bugs. To explore such a potential, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Michele Tufano , Cody Watson , Gabriele Bavota , Massimiliano Di Penta , Martin White , Denys Poshyvanyk

Vulnerabilities are challenging to locate and repair, especially when source code is unavailable and binary patching is required. Manual methods are time-consuming, require significant expertise, and do not scale to the rate at which new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Pemma Reiter , Hui Jun Tay , Westley Weimer , Adam Doupé , Ruoyu Wang , Stephanie Forrest

Concurrency bugs, caused by improper synchronization of shared resources in multi-threaded or distributed systems, are notoriously hard to detect and thus compromise software reliability and security. The existing deep learning methods face…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zuocheng Feng , Kaiwen Zhang , Miaomiao Wang , Yiming Cheng , Yuandao Cai , Xiaofeng Li , Guanjun Liu

Protecting and preventing sensitive data from being used inappropriately has become a challenging task. Even a small mistake in securing data can be exploited by phishing attacks to release private information such as passwords or financial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Luke Barlow , Gueltoum Bendiaby , Stavros Shiaelesy , Nick Savage

Random testing has proven to be an effective technique for compiler validation. However, the debugging of bugs identified through random testing presents a significant challenge due to the frequent occurrence of duplicate test programs that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xintong Zhou , Zhenyang Xu , Yongqiang Tian , Chengnian Sun

Zero-day vulnerabilities can be accidentally or maliciously placed in code and can remain in place for years. In this study, we address an aspect of their longevity by considering the likelihood that they will be discovered in the code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Andrew J. Lohn

We introduce a binary embedding framework, called Proximity Preserving Code (PPC), which learns similarity and dissimilarity between data points to create a compact and affinity-preserving binary code. This code can be used to apply fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Inbal Lav , Shai Avidan , Yoram Singer , Yacov Hel-Or

Binary code analysis is widely used to assess a program's correctness, performance, and provenance. Binary analysis applications often construct control flow graphs, analyze data flow, and use debugging information to understand how machine…

Sequence models for binary analysis are bottlenecked by byte-level tokenization: raw bytes waste precious context window capacity for transformers and other neural network architectures, and many existing text-oriented tokenizers fail on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Michael J. Bommarito

Identifying recurring vulnerabilities is crucial for ensuring software security. Clone-based techniques, while widely used, often generate many false alarms due to the existence of similar but patched (SBP) code, which is similar to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zixuan Tan , Jiayuan Zhou , Xing Hu , Shengyi Pan , Kui Liu , Xin Xia

When source code or the original toolchain is unavailable, patching binaries is difficult because it requires editing low-level assembly code directly. As an alternative, one can decompile the binary, apply the patch at the source level,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Han Dai , Soumyakant Priyadarshan , Abdullah Imran , Ruoyu Wang , Antonio Bianchi

In this paper, we address the problem of finding a correspondence, or matching, between the functions of two programs in binary form, which is one of the most common task in binary diffing. We introduce a new formulation of this problem as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Elie Mengin , Fabrice Rossi