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Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is a key tool in the study of functional data, driving both exploratory analyses and feature construction for use in formal modeling and testing procedures. However, existing methods for FPCA…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Caitrin Murphy , Eric Laber , Rhonda Merwin , Brian Reich , Jake Koerner

Estimation and inference with modern longitudinal data from wearable devices, which consist of biological signals at high-frequency time points, is burdened by massive computational costs. We propose a distributed estimation and inference…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-13 Cole Manschot , Emily C. Hector

A function-on-function regression model with quadratic and interaction effects of the covariates provides a more flexible model. Despite several attempts to estimate the model's parameters, almost all existing estimation strategies are…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-25 Ufuk Beyaztas , Han Lin Shang , Abhijit Mandal

Increasingly, statisticians are faced with the task of analyzing complex data that are non-Euclidean and specifically do not lie in a vector space. To address the need for statistical methods for such data, we introduce the concept of…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-05 Alexander Petersen , Hans-Georg Müller

Motivated by modern observational studies, we introduce a class of functional models that expands nested and crossed designs. These models account for the natural inheritance of correlation structure from sampling design in studies where…

Applications · Statistics 2013-04-26 Haochang Shou , Vadim Zipunnikov , Ciprian M. Crainiceanu , Sonja Greven

We develop statistical models for samples of distribution-valued stochastic processes featuring time-indexed univariate distributions, with emphasis on functional principal component analysis. The proposed model presents an intrinsic rather…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-21 Hang Zhou , Hans-Georg Müller

The functional linear model is an important extension of the classical regression model allowing for scalar responses to be modeled as functions of stochastic processes. Yet, despite the usefulness and popularity of the functional linear…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-27 Ioannis Kalogridis , Stanislav Nagy

Functional principal component analysis is one of the most commonly employed approaches in functional and longitudinal data analysis and we extend it to analyze functional/longitudinal data observed on a general $d$-dimensional domain. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-07 Lu-Hung Chen , Ci-Ren Jiang

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data provides information concerning activity in the brain and in particular the interactions between brain regions. Resting state fMRI data is widely used for inferring connectivities in the…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-04 Christina Stoehr , John A D Aston , Claudia Kirch

Classical multivariate principal component analysis has been extended to functional data and termed functional principal component analysis (FPCA). Most existing FPCA approaches do not accommodate covariate information, and it is the goal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-02 Ci-Ren Jiang , Jane-Ling Wang

Functional data analysis almost always involves smoothing discrete observations into curves, because they are never observed in continuous time and rarely without error. Although smoothing parameters affect the subsequent inference,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-07 Sunny G. W. Wang , Valentin Patilea , Nicolas Klutchnikoff

Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is a fundamental tool and has attracted increasing attention in recent decades, while existing methods are restricted to data with a single or finite number of random functions (much smaller…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-22 Xiaoyu Hu , Fang Yao

Multivariate functional data present theoretical and practical complications which are not found in univariate functional data. One of these is a situation where the component functions of multivariate functional data are positive and are…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-09 Cody Carroll , Hans-Georg Müller

We study regression using functional predictors in situations where these functions contain both phase and amplitude variability. In other words, the functions are misaligned due to errors in time measurements, and these errors can…

Applications · Statistics 2019-04-26 J. Derek Tucker , John Lewis , Anuj Srivastava

Functional linear regression is a widely used approach to model functional responses with respect to functional inputs. However, classical functional linear regression models can be severely affected by outliers. We therefore introduce a…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-02 Harjit Hullait , David S. Leslie , Nicos G. Pavlidis , Steve King

Time-varying non-Euclidean random objects are playing a growing role in modern data analysis, and periodicity is a fundamental characteristic of time-varying data. However, quantifying periodicity in general non-Euclidean random objects…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-22 Jiazhen Xu , Andrew T. A. Wood , Tao Zou

In this paper, we consider multivariate functional time series with a two-way dependence structure: a serial dependence across time points and a graphical interaction among the multiple functions within each time point. We develop the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-27 Jianbin Tan , Decai Liang , Yongtao Guan , Hui Huang

The analysis of multivariate functional curves has the potential to yield important scientific discoveries in domains such as healthcare, medicine, economics and social sciences. However, it is common for real-world settings to present…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-23 Tui Nolan , Sylvia Richardson , Hélène Ruffieux

Estimation of the mean and covariance parameters for functional data is a critical task, with local linear smoothing being a popular choice. In recent years, many scientific domains are producing multivariate functional data for which $p$,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-24 Alexander Petersen

Happ and Greven (2018) developed a methodology for principal components analysis of multivariate functional data observed on different dimensional domains. Their approach relies on an estimation of univariate functional principal components…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-28 Steven Golovkine , Edward Gunning , Andrew J. Simpkin , Norma Bargary