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Moir\'e superlattices of transition-metal dichalcogenide bilayers host strong Coulomb interactions residing in narrow electron bands, leading to correlated insulating states at fractional carrier doping densities, known as generalized…

When the Coulomb repulsion between electrons dominates over their kinetic energy, electrons in two dimensional systems were predicted to spontaneously break continuous translation symmetry and form a quantum crystal. Efforts to observe this…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 T. Smoleński , P. E. Dolgirev , C. Kuhlenkamp , A. Popert , Y. Shimazaki , P. Back , M. Kroner , K. Watanabe , T. Taniguchi , I. Esterlis , E. Demler , A. Imamoğlu

Strongly interacting electrons in two-dimensional systems can spontaneously break translational symmetry, forming a periodic Wigner crystal. Although these crystals have been realized in several platforms, experimental studies of their…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 L. Wang , F. Menzel , F. Pichler , P. Knüppel , K. Watanabe , T. Taniguchi , M. Knap , T. Smoleński

Recent experiments on the twisted transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) material, $\rm WSe_2/WS_2$, have observed insulating states at fractional occupancy of the moir\'e bands. Such states were conceived as generalized Wigner crystals…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-03-31 Bikash Padhi , R. Chitra , Philip W. Phillips

Wigner crystals, lattices made purely of electrons, are a quintessential paradigm of studying correlation-driven quantum phase transitions. Despite decades of research, the internal dynamics of Wigner crystals has remained extremely…

Strong Coulomb interactions can drive electrons to crystallize into a Wigner lattice. Achieving the bosonic analogue - a crystal of excitons - has remained elusive due to their short lifetimes and weaker interactions. Here, we report the…

Moir\'e superlattices are emerging as a new route for engineering strongly correlated electronic states in two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures, as recently demonstrated in the correlated insulating and superconducting states in…

When a strong magnetic field is applied perpendicularly (along z) to a sheet confining electrons to two dimensions (x-y), highly correlated states emerge as a result of the interplay between electron-electron interactions, confinement and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-04-27 B. A. Piot , Z. Jiang , C. R. Dean , L. W. Engel , G. Gervais , L. N. Pfeiffer , K. W. West

The quantum-classical crossover from the Fermi liquid towards the Wigner solid is numerically revisited, considering small square lattice models where electrons interact via a Coulomb $U/r$ potential. The studies of models without disorder…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jean-Louis Pichard , Georgios Katomeris , Franck Selva

Quantum particles on a lattice with competing long-range interactions are ubiquitous in physics. Transition metal oxides, layered molecular crystals and trapped ion arrays are a few examples out of many. In the strongly interacting regime,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-12-02 Yang Xu , Song Liu , Daniel A Rhodes , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , James Hone , Veit Elser , Kin Fai Mak , Jie Shan

Electrons can form an ordered solid crystal phase ascribed to the interplay between Coulomb repulsion and kinetic energy. Tuning these energy scales can drive a phase transition from electron solid to liquid, i.e. melting of Wigner crystal.…

In a certain regime of low carrier densities and strong correlations, electrons can crystallize into a periodic arrangement of charge known as Wigner crystal. Such phases are particularly interesting in one dimension (1D) as they display a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-11-01 Anuva Aishwarya , Sean Howard , Bikash Padhi , Lihai Wang , Sang-Wook Cheong , Philip W. Phillips , Vidya Madhavan

The crystallization of electrons in quasi low-dimensional solids is studied in a model which retains the full three-dimensional nature of the Coulomb interactions. We show that restricting the electron motion to layers (or chains) gives…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-11 G. Rastelli , P. Quemerais , S. Fratini

We study Wigner crystallization of electron systems in phosphorene quantum dots with confinement of an electrostatic origin with both circular and elongated geometry. The anisotropy of the effective mass allows for the formation of Wigner…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Tanmay Thakur , Bartłomiej Szafran

The moir\'e pattern induced by lattice mismatch in transition-metal dichalcogenide heterobilayers causes the formation of flat bands, where interactions dominate the kinetic energy. At fractional fillings of the flat valence band, the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-12-07 Yuting Tan , Pak Ki Henry Tsang , Vladimir Dobrosavljević , Louk Rademaker

Transition metal dichalcogenide-based moire superlattices exhibit very strong electron-electron correlations, thus giving rise to strongly correlated quantum phenomena such as generalized Wigner crystal states. Theoretical studies predict…

The Wigner crystal, an ordered array of electrons, is one of the very first proposed many-body phases stabilized by the electron-electron interaction. This electron solid phase has been reported in ultra-clean two-dimensional electron…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-28 Lili Zhao , Wenlu Lin , Yoon Jang Chung , Adbhut Gupta , Kirk W. Baldwin , Loren N. Pfeiffer , Yang Liu

Moir\'e superlattices of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) enable unprecedented spatial control of electron wavefunctions in an artificial lattice with periodicities more than ten times larger than that of atomic…

Two-dimensional semiconductor moir\'e materials have emerged as a highly controllable platform to simulate and explore quantum condensed matter. Compared to real solids, electrons in semiconductor moir\'e materials are less strongly…

State-dependent conformational changes play a central role in molecular dynamics, yet they are often difficult to observe or simulate due to their complexity and ultrafast nature. One alternative approach is to emulate such phenomena using…