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This paper addresses the question of how to align AI systems with human values and situates it within a wider body of thought regarding technology and value. Far from existing in a vacuum, there has long been an interest in the ability of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Iason Gabriel , Vafa Ghazavi

We propose the creation of a systematic effort to identify and replicate key findings in neuropsychology and allied fields related to understanding human values. Our aim is to ensure that research underpinning the value alignment problem of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Gopal P. Sarma , Nick J. Hay , Adam Safron

This paper argues that Machine Learning (ML) algorithms must be educated. ML-trained algorithms moral decisions are ubiquitous in human society. Sometimes reverting the societal advances governments, NGOs and civil society have achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Susana Perez Blazquez , Inas Hipolito

The field of AI alignment aims to steer AI systems toward human goals, preferences, and ethical principles. Its contributions have been instrumental for improving the output quality, safety, and trustworthiness of today's AI models. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Robert West , Roland Aydin

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes pervasive in most fields, from healthcare to autonomous driving, it is essential that we find successful ways of building morality into our machines, especially for decision-making. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Reneira Seeamber , Cosmin Badea

Alignment of artificial intelligence (AI) encompasses the normative problem of specifying how AI systems should act and the technical problem of ensuring AI systems comply with those specifications. To date, AI alignment has generally…

This paper grounds ethics in evolutionary biology, viewing moral norms as adaptive mechanisms that render cooperation fitness-viable under selection pressure. Current alignment approaches add ethics post hoc, treating it as an external…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Dylan Waldner

Artificial Intelligence systems are rapidly evolving, integrating extrinsic and intrinsic motivations. While these frameworks offer benefits, they risk misalignment at the algorithmic level while appearing superficially aligned with human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Joshua T. S. Hewson

Big models have greatly advanced AI's ability to understand, generate, and manipulate information and content, enabling numerous applications. However, as these models become increasingly integrated into everyday life, their inherent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Xiting Wang , Xing Xie

A morally acceptable course of AI development should avoid two dangers: creating unaligned AI systems that pose a threat to humanity and mistreating AI systems that merit moral consideration in their own right. This paper argues these two…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Adam Bradley , Bradford Saad

Ethics and safety research in artificial intelligence is increasingly framed in terms of "alignment" with human values and interests. I argue that Turing's call for "fair play for machines" is an early and often overlooked contribution to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Daniel Estrada

Given that Artificial Intelligence (AI) increasingly permeates our lives, it is critical that we systematically align AI objectives with the goals and values of humans. The human-AI alignment problem stems from the impracticality of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-05 John Nay , James Daily

While people generally trust AI to make decisions in various aspects of their lives, concerns arise when AI is involved in decisions with significant moral implications. The absence of a precise mathematical framework for moral reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Vincent Conitzer

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) advances toward Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and eventually Artificial Superintelligence (ASI), it may potentially surpass human control, deviate from human values, and even lead to irreversible…

While we have witnessed a rapid growth of ethics documents meant to guide AI development, the promotion of AI ethics has nonetheless proceeded with little input from AI practitioners themselves. Given the proliferation of AI for Social Good…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Mark Findlay , Josephine Seah

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply integrated into critical infrastructures and everyday life, ensuring its safe deployment is one of humanity's most urgent challenges. Current AI models prioritize task optimization over safety,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Joshua T. S. Hewson

A computational ethics framework is essential for AI and autonomous systems operating in complex, real-world environments. Existing approaches often lack the adaptability needed to integrate ethical principles into dynamic and ambiguous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Nijesh Upreti , Jessica Ciupa , Vaishak Belle

As intelligent systems are increasingly making decisions that directly affect society, perhaps the most important upcoming research direction in AI is to rethink the ethical implications of their actions. Means are needed to integrate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-09 Virginia Dignum

An important step in the development of value alignment (VA) systems in AI is understanding how values can interrelate with facts. Designers of future VA systems will need to utilize a hybrid approach in which ethical reasoning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-07-15 Tae Wan Kim , Thomas Donaldson , John Hooker

The question of whether artificial entities deserve moral consideration has become one of the defining ethical challenges of AI research. Existing frameworks for moral patiency rely on verified ontological properties, such as sentience,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Faezeh B. Pasandi , Hannah B. Pasandi