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We put forward a scenario where blazars are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars, BL Lacs, low synchrotron, or high synchrotron peaked objects according to a varying combination of Doppler boosted radiation from the jet, emission from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-05-04 P. Padovani , P. Giommi , G. Polenta , S. Turriziani , V. D'Elia , S. Piranomonte

Blazars radiate from relativistic plasma jets with bulk Lorentz factors {\Gamma} ~ 10, closely aligned along our line of sight. In a number of blazars of the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar type such as 3C 454.3 and 3C 279 gamma-ray flares have…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-22 Marco Tavani , Valerio Vittorini , Alfonso Cavaliere

The fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope Source Catalog (4FGL) lists over 5000 gamma-ray sources with statistical significance above 4$\sigma$. About 23% of the sources listed in this catalog are unidentified/unassociated gamma-ray sources…

In September 2017, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory recorded a very-high-energy neutrino in directional coincidence with a blazar in an unusually bright gamma-ray state, TXS0506+056. Blazars are prominent photon sources in the universe…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-14 Shan Gao , Anatoli Fedynitch , Walter Winter , Martin Pohl

Over the last decade more than five thousand gamma-ray sources were detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Given the positional uncertainty of the telescope, nearly 30% of these sources remain…

We present the X-ray analysis of the largest flux-limited complete sample of blazar candidates at z>4 selected from the Cosmic Lens All Sky Survey (CLASS). After obtaining a nearly complete (24/25) X-ray coverage of the sample (from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-25 L. Ighina , A. Caccianiga , A. Moretti , S. Belladitta , R. Della Ceca , L. Ballo , D. Dallacasa

We report the identification of blazar candidates behind the Magellanic Clouds. The objects were selected from the Magellanic Quasars Survey (MQS), which targeted the entire Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and 70\% of the Small Magellanic…

We present two catalogs of radio-loud candidate blazars whose WISE mid-infrared colors are selected to be consistent with the colors of confirmed gamma-ray emitting blazars. The first catalog is the improved and expanded release of the…

We present a catalog of 100,563 unresolved, UV-excess (UVX) quasar candidates to g=21 from 2099 deg^2 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release One (DR1) imaging data. Existing spectra of 22,737 sources reveals that 22,191 (97.6%)…

We review and discuss recent results on the search for correlations between astrophysical neutrinos and gamma-ray-detected sources, with many extra-galactic studies reporting potential associations with different types of blazars. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-14 Paolo Giommi , Paolo Padovani

The \textit{Herschel} Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS), that has covered about 642 sq. deg. in 5 bands from 100 to 500 $\mu\rm m$, allows a blind flux-limited selection of blazars at sub-mm wavelengths. However, blazars…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-05-25 M. Massardi , M. Bonato , M. Lopez-Caniego , V. Galluzzi , G. De Zotti , L. Bonavera , J. Gonzalez-Nuevo , A. Lapi , E. Liuzzo

Using survey data, we have re-evaluated the correlation of flat spectrum radio sources with EGRET sources in the Northern sky. A likelihood analysis incorporating the radio and X-ray properties and the Gamma-ray source localization is used…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 David Sowards-Emmerd , Roger W. Romani , Peter F. Michelson

We have recently proposed a new scenario where blazars are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars or BL Lacs according to the prescriptions of unified schemes, and to a varying combination of Doppler boosted radiation from the jet,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-11 Paolo Giommi , Paolo Padovani

Fermi has provided the largest sample of gamma-ray selected blazars to date. In this work we use a uniformly selected set of 211 BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects detected by it Fermi during its first year of operation. We have obtained redshift…

We have considered all blazars observed in the X-ray band and for which the slope of the X-ray spectrum is available. We have collected 421 spectra of 268 blazars, including 12 archival unpublished ASCA spectra of 7 blazars whose analysisis…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 D. Donato , G. Ghisellini , G. Tagliaferri , G. Fossati

The spectral energy distribution and variability of several blazars (Mkn 501, 1 ES 2344+51.4, PKS 2155-30.4, 1 ES 1218+30.4, 3C 454.3) along the blazar sequence is investigated using a selfconsistent and timedependent lepto-hadronic hybrid…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-09-12 Matthias Weidinger , Felix Spanier

We explore the correlation of $\gamma$-ray emitting blazars with IceCube neutrinos by using three very recently completed, and independently built, catalogues and the latest neutrino lists. We introduce a new observable, namely the number…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-03 P. Padovani , E. Resconi , P. Giommi , B. Arsioli , Y. L. Chang

We present simultaneous optical and X-ray data from Swift for a sample of FSRQs selected from the EMSS survey. We present also a complete analysis of Swift and INTEGRAL data on 4 blazars recently discussed as possibly challenging the trends…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 L. Maraschi , L. Foschini , G. Ghisellini , F. Tavecchio , R. M. Sambruna

We present a sample of 386 BL Lacertae (BL Lac) candidates identified from 2860 deg^2 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectroscopic database. The candidates are primarily selected to have quasi-featureless optical spectra and low…

Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of gamma-ray astrophysics. The algorithms can distinguish between different source types, such as blazars and pulsars, and help uncover new insights into the high-energy universe.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-05 Gopal Bhatta , Sarvesh Gharat , Abhimanyu Borthakur , Aman Kumar