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In the study of high-mass star formation, hot cores are empirically defined stages where chemically rich emission is detected toward a massive YSO. It is unknown whether the physical origin of this emission is a disk, inner envelope, or…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-26 V. Allen , F. F. S. van der Tak , Á. Sánchez-Monge , R. Cesaroni , M. T. Beltrán

Understanding the chemical past of our Sun and how life appeared on Earth is no mean feat. The best strategy we can adopt is to study newborn stars located in an environment similar to the one in which our Sun was born and assess their…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 M. Bouvier , C. Ceccarelli , A. López-Sepulcre , N. Sakai , S. Yamamoto , Y. -L. Yang

To study the chemical evolution during the formation of molecular clouds, we model three types of clouds with different density structures: collapsing spherical, collapsing ellipsoidal, and static spherical profiles. The collapsing models…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-15 Jingfei Sun , Fujun Du

Properties of candidate stars, forming out of molecular clouds, depend on the ambient conditions of the parent cloud. We present a series of 2D and 3D simulations of fragmentation of molecular clouds in starburst regions as well as clouds…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 S. Hocuk , M. Spaans

Low mass star-forming regions are more complex than the simple spherically symmetric approximation that is often assumed. We apply a more realistic infall/outflow physical model to molecular/continuum observations of three late Class 0…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-08-26 J. M. C. Rawlings , M. P. Redman , P. B. Carolan

We present a survey of 28 molecular outflows driven by low-mass protostars, all of which are sufficiently isolated spatially and/or kinematically to fully separate into individual outflows. Using a combination of new and archival data from…

Collisions between giant molecular clouds (GMCs) have been proposed as a mechanism to trigger massive star and star cluster formation. To investigate the astrochemical signatures of such collisions, we carry out 3D magnetohydrodynamics…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-24 Chia-Jung Hsu , Jonathan C. Tan , Jonathan Holdship , Duo , Xu , Serena Viti , Benjamin Wu , Brandt Gaches

Sakai et al. have observed long-chain unsaturated hydrocarbons and cyanopolyynes in the low-mass star-forming region L1527, and have attributed this result to a gas-phase ion-molecule chemistry, termed ``Warm Carbon Chain Chemistry'', which…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 George E. Hassel , Eric Herbst , Robin T. Garrod

Glycolaldehyde (HOCH$_2$CHO) and ethylene glycol ((CH$_2$OH)$_2$) are two complex organic molecules detected in the hot cores and hot corinos of several star-forming regions. The ethylene glycol/glycolaldehyde abundance ratio seems to show…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 A. Coutens , S. Viti , J. M. C. Rawlings , M. T. Beltrán , J. Holdship , I. Jiménez-Serra , D. Quénard , V. M. Rivilla

We have compared molecular line emission to dust continuum emission and modeled molecular lines using Monte Carlo simulations in order to study the depletion of molecules and the ionization fraction in three preprotostellar cores, L1512,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jeong-Eun Lee , Neal J. Evans , Yancy L. Shirley , Ken'ichi Tatematsu

The submillimeter CO lines are formed in warm and dense molecular gas and are therefore sensitive to the physical conditions whereas the CO (J=1-0) line is a tracer of the total molecular gas mass. In order to be able to compare the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 E. Bayet , M. Gerin , T. G. Phillips , A. Contursi

Galactic cosmic rays (CR) are particles presumably accelerated in supernova remnant shocks that propagate in the interstellar medium up to the densest parts of molecular clouds, losing energy and their ionisation efficiency because of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-05-25 M. Padovani , A. Marcowith , P. Hennebelle , K. Ferrière

Sun like stars are born from the collapse of fragment of molecular clouds. During the first embedded phase (the so called class 0/1), the protostar is surrounded by a collapsing envelope, whose physical and chemical structure would set up…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Maret , C. Ceccarelli , E. Caux , A. G. G. M. Tielens , A. Castets

Understanding the chemical evolution in star-forming cores is a necessary pre-condition to correctly assess physical conditions when using molecular emission. We follow the evolution of chemistry and molecular line profiles through the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jeong-Eun Lee , Edwin A. Bergin , Neal J. Evans

We present astrochemical photo-dissociation region models in which cosmic ray attenuation has been fully coupled to the chemical evolution of the gas. We model the astrochemical impact of cosmic rays, including those accelerated by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-06-26 Brandt A. L. Gaches , Stella S. R. Offner , Thomas G. Bisbas

The study of hot corinos in Solar-like protostars has been so far mostly limited to the Class 0 phase, hampering our understanding of their origin and evolution. In addition, recent evidence suggests that planet formation starts already…

Estimating molecular abundances ratios from the direct measurement of the emission of the molecules towards a variety of interstellar environments is indeed very useful to advance in our understanding of the chemical evolution of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-09-12 S. Paron , M. B. Areal , M. E. Ortega

We have observed 23 Class 0 sources in the HCO+ J=4-3 and 3-2 lines. The mean bolometric temperature of the 16 sources with well-determined values is 44 K and the mean luminosity is 5.7 L_sun, excluding two sources of considerably higher…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Erik M. Gregersen , Neal J. Evans , Shudong Zhou , Minho Choi

The maximum temperature and radial temperature profile in a protoplanetary disc are important for the condensation of different elements in the disc. We simulate the evolution of a set of protoplanetary discs from the collapse of their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-19 Min Li , Shichun Huang , Zhaohuan Zhu , Michail I. Petaev , Jason H. Steffen

It is important to understand the origin of molecular line intensities and chemical composition in the molecular-cloud scale in the Galactic sources because it serves as a benchmark to compare with the chemical compositions of extragalactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-13 Nanase Harada , Yuri Nishimura , Yoshimasa Watanabe , Satoshi Yamamoto , Yuri Aikawa , Nami Sakai , Takashi Shimonishi