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We estimate the $3$-colour bipartite Ramsey number for balanced bipartite graphs $H$ with small bandwidth and bounded maximum degree. More precisely, we show that the minimum value of $N$ such that in any $3$-edge colouring of $K_{N,N}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-10 Guilherme Oliveira Mota

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, the Ramsey number $R(G,H)$ is the minimum integer $N$ such that any coloring of the edges of $K_N$ in red or blue yields a red $G$ or a blue $H$. Let $v(G)$ be the number of vertices of $G$ and $\chi(G)$ be the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-14 Sinan Hu , Yuejian Peng

For $n\geq s> r\geq 1$ and $k\geq 2$, write $n \rightarrow (s)_{k}^r$ if every hyperedge colouring with $k$ colours of the complete $r$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices has a monochromatic subset of size $s$. Improving upon previous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Bruno Jartoux , Chaya Keller , Shakhar Smorodinsky , Yelena Yuditsky

Given a graph $H$, the Ramsey number $r(H)$ is the smallest natural number $N$ such that any two-colouring of the edges of $K_N$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The existence of these numbers has been known since 1930 but their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-12 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

Given a graph $H$, the $k$-colored Gallai Ramsey number $gr_{k}(K_{3} : H)$ is defined to be the minimum integer $n$ such that every $k$-coloring of the edges of the complete graph on $n$ vertices contains either a rainbow triangle or a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-14 Colton Magnant , Ingo Schiermeyer

The multicolor Ramsey number $r_k(F)$ of a graph $F$ is the least integer $n$ such that in every coloring of the edges of $K_n$ by $k$ colors there is a monochromatic copy of $F$. In this short note we prove an upper bound on $r_k(F)$ for a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Kathleen Johst , Yury Person

Given positive integers $k$ and $\ell$ we write $G \rightarrow (K_k,K_\ell)$ if every 2-colouring of the edges of $G$ yields a red copy of $K_k$ or a blue copy of $K_\ell$ and we denote by $R(k)$ the minimum $n$ such that $K_n\rightarrow…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Walner Mendonça , Meysam Miralaei , Guilherme O. Mota

A graph G is r-Ramsey for a graph H, denoted by G\rightarrow (H)_r, if every r-colouring of the edges of G contains a monochromatic copy of H. The graph G is called r-Ramsey-minimal for H if it is r-Ramsey for H but no proper subgraph of G…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-11 Jacob Fox , Andrey Grinshpun , Anita Liebenau , Yury Person , Tibor Szabo

The size Ramsey number of a graph $H$ is defined as the minimum number of edges in a graph $G$ such that there is a monochromatic copy of $H$ in every two-coloring of $E(G)$. The size Ramsey number was introduced by Erd\H{o}s, Faudree,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-09 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Yuval Wigderson

Given a labeled graph $H$ with vertex set $\{1, 2,\ldots,n\}$, the ordered Ramsey number $r_<(H)$ is the minimum $N$ such that every two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph on $\{1, 2, \ldots,N\}$ contains a copy of $H$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-27 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Choongbum Lee , Benny Sudakov

We say that $G$ is a $(3, 3)$-Ramsey graph if every $2$-coloring of the edges of $G$ forces a monochromatic triangle. The $(3, 3)$-Ramsey graph $G$ is minimal if $G$ does not contain a proper $(3, 3)$-Ramsey subgraph. In this work we find…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-28 Aleksandar Bikov

A Gallai $k$-coloring is a $k$-edge coloring of a complete graph in which there are no rainbow triangles. For given graphs $G_1, G_2, G_3$ and nonnegative integers $r, s, t$ with that $k=r+s+t$, the $k$-colored Gallai-Ramsey number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-28 Xueli Su , Yan Liu

The $r$-size-Ramsey number $\hat{R}_r(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the smallest number of edges a graph $G$ can have, such that for every edge-coloring of $G$ with $r$ colors there exists a monochromatic copy of $H$ in $G$. For a graph $H$, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-12 Nemanja Draganić , Michael Krivelevich , Rajko Nenadov

Given a $k$-uniform hypergraph $G$ and a set of $k$-uniform hypergraphs $\mathcal{H}$, the generalized Ramsey number $f(G,\mathcal{H},q)$ is the minimum number of colors needed to edge-color $G$ so that every copy of every hypergraph $H\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-06 Deepak Bal , Patrick Bennett , Emily Heath , Shira Zerbib

The Ramsey number $r(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $n$ such that any $2$ colouring of the edges of a clique on $n$ vertices contains a monochromatic copy of $G$. Determining the Ramsey number of $G$ is a central problem of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-02 Matija Bucic , Benny Sudakov

A graph is $(t_1, t_2)$-Ramsey if any red-blue coloring of its edges contains either a red copy of $K_{t_1}$ or a blue copy of $K_{t_2}$. The size Ramsey number is the minimum number of edges contained in a $(t_1,t_2)$-Ramsey graph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-30 Sammy Luo , Zixuan Xu

A $\rho$-mean coloring of a graph is a coloring of the edges such that the average number of colors incident with each vertex is at most $\rho$. For a graph $H$ and for $\rho \geq 1$, the {\em mean Ramsey-Tur\'an number} $RT(n,H,\rho-mean)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Raphael Yuster

A graph is properly edge-colored if no two adjacent edges have the same color. The smallest number of edges in a graph any of whose proper edge colorings contains a totally multicolored copy of a graph H is the size anti-Ramsey number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-05 Maria Axenovich , Kolja Knauer , Judith Stumpp , Torsten Ueckerdt

For an integer $q\ge 2$, a graph $G$ is called $q$-Ramsey for a graph $H$ if every $q$-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. If $G$ is $q$-Ramsey for $H$, yet no proper subgraph of $G$ has this property then…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Dennis Clemens , Anita Liebenau , Damian Reding

The Ramsey number $r(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the minimum $n$ such that any two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The threshold Ramsey multiplicity $m(H)$ is then the minimum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-21 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov , Fan Wei